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2017","format":false,"excerpt":"\u64da\u806f\u90a6\u8abf\u67e5\u5c40\u7d71\u8a08\uff0c\u5168\u570b\u7bc4\u570d\u51672015\u5e74\u5171\u767c\u751f\u8972\u64ca\u8b66\u5bdf\u4e8b\u4ef650212\u8d77\uff0c\u6bd410\u5e74\u524d\u4e0b\u964d\u4e8614%\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u537b\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\uff1a2006\u5e74\u767c\u751f6970\u8d77\u8972\u64ca\u8b66\u5bdf\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c2015\u5e74\u767c\u751f9967\u8d77\u8972\u64ca\u8b66\u5bdf\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u98c6\u5347\u4e8643%\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u8a31\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u3002\u64da\u52a0\u5dde\u7e3d\u6aa2\u5bdf\u9577\uff08Attorney General\uff09Kamala Harris\u8aaa\uff0c2016\u5e74\u6b7b\u65bc\u516c\u52d9\u76849\u540d\u8b66\u5bdf\u4e2d\uff0cFresno\u7e23\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c40\u8b66\u5bdfRod 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Vega\u4e00\u8d77\u524d\u5f80\u67e5\u770b\u3002\u525b\u8d70\u5230\u90a3\u4e00\u5bb6\u7684\u9580\u53e3\uff0c\u5c31\u96d9\u96d9\u88ab\u5f9e\u9580\u88e1\u9762\u958b\u706b\u7684\u885d\u92d2\u69cd\u64ca\u6583\u3002Harris\u8aaa\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u518d\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u5011\u7684\u54e1\u5de5\u8981\u8b66\u89ba\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u6027\u6025\u3002\u201d\u610f\u601d\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u9019\u985e\u758f\u5ffd\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u662f\u592a\u53ef\u60dc\u4e86\u3002 \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u985e\u8972\u8b66\u4e8b\u4ef6\u662f\u7279\u5225\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u5b89\u7684\u3002\u5357\u52a0\u5dde\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u7e23\u8b66\u5bdfSteve Owen\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7fa9\u52d9\u6a44\u6b16\u7403\u6559\u7df4\uff0c\u6559\u66fe\u7d93\u88ab\u4ed6\u902e\u6355\u904e\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u50a2\u4f19\u6253\u6a44\u6b16\u7403\u3002\u4ed6\u63a5\u5230\u5831\u544a\u8aaaLancaster\u6b63\u5728\u767c\u751f\u6436\u52ab\u6848\uff0c\u7576\u4ed6\u8d95\u5230\u73fe\u5834\u6642\u88ab\u4eba\u6355\u6349\uff0c\u4ee5\u8655\u6c7a\u65b9\u5f0f\u88ab\u69cd\u6bba\u3002\u5728\u611b\u8377\u83ef\u5dde\u9084\u767c\u751f\u904e\u4ee5\u6b66\u88dd\u4f0f\u64ca\u65b9\u5f0f\u69cd\u6bba\u5169\u540d\u8b66\u5bdf\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u767c\u751f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8b66\u5bdf\u69cd\u6bba\u624b\u7121\u5bf8\u9435\u7684\u7121\u8f9c\u8005\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u57f7\u6cd5\u4eba\u54e1\u548c\u6709\u8272\u4eba\u7a2e\u65cf\u7fa4\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7dca\u5f35\u95dc\u4fc2\u52a0\u5287\uff0c\u800c\u52a0\u5dde\u7684\u6709\u8272\u4eba\u7a2e\u898f\u6a21\u548c\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u4f7f\u9019\u7a2e\u7dca\u5f35\u5c40\u52e2\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u653e\u5927\uff0c\u7e3d\u9ad4\u60c5\u6cc1\u4ee4\u7a7f\u5236\u670d\u7684\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u4e0d\u5b89\uff0c\u7576\u4e00\u540d\u8b66\u5bdf\u662f\u5f88\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u3002 \u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u773e\u653f\u7b56\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff08Public Policy Institute of California\uff09\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1Brandon Martin\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u548c\u8b66\u5bdf\u4eba\u6578\u4e0d\u8db3\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u52a0\u5dde\u5728\u7d93\u6fdf\u8870\u9000\u671f\u9593\u8b66\u5bdf\u4eba\u6578\u9a5f\u6e1b\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u7d93\u6fdf\u5fa9\u8607\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u8b66\u5bdf\u4eba\u6578\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u53cd\u5f48\u3002\u5728\u904e\u53bb10\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u4eba\u53e3\u589e\u9577\u4e86\u5927\u7d0410%\uff0c\u800c\u8b66\u5bdf\u968a\u4f0d\u50c5\u589e\u52a0\u4e862%\u3002\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u5be6\u884c\u5211\u4e8b\u53f8\u6cd5\u201c\u8abf\u6574\u201d\uff0c\u628a\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f15\u7f6a\u72af\u5f9e\u904e\u5ea6\u64c1\u64e0\u7684\u5dde\u76e3\u7344\u8f49\u79fb\u5230\u7e23\u76e3\u7344\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u628a\u4e00\u4e9b\u85cf\u6bd2\u91cd\u7f6a\u72af\u6e1b\u70ba\u8f15\u7f6a\u3002\u5967\u5df4\u99ac\u7e3d\u7d71\u9084\u767c\u5e03\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5927\u8d66\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u6c92\u6709\u5371\u96aa\u201d\u7684\u91cd\u7f6a\u72af\u3002Martin\u8aaa\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u91cb\u653e\u7f6a\u72af\u548c\u8972\u64ca\u8b66\u5bdf\u9019\u5169\u4ef6\u4e8b\u756b\u4e0a\u7b49\u865f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u78ba\u5be6\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4e8b\u3002 \u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u76e3\u7344\u88e1\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e5f\u662f\u4ee4\u4eba\u62c5\u6182\u3002\u5728\u66b4\u529b\u72af\u7f6a\u9054\u5230\u6b77\u53f2\u6700\u9ad8\u9ede\u76841992\u5e74\uff0c\u6709338\u4eba\u6b7b\u65bc\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c40\u548c\u76e3\u7344\u7f88\u62bc\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d7\u4eba\u6b7b\u65bc\u69cd\u652f\uff1b\u7136\u800c\uff0c2015\u5e74\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u72af\u7f6a\u6578\u91cf\u4e0b\u964d\u4e86\u5c07\u8fd1\u4e00\u534a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u7f88\u62bc\u671f\u9593\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u4eba\u6578\u537b\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u500d\u591a\uff0c\u9054\u5230\u5275\u7d00\u9304\u7684760\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d121\u4eba\u6b7b\u65bc\u69cd\u652f\u3002\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u66b4\u529b\u72af\u7f6a\u6e1b\u5c11\uff0c\u800c\u7f88\u62bc\u671f\u9593\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u4eba\u6578\u53cd\u800c\u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u5462\uff1f\u9019\u8207\u52a0\u5dde\u7684\u76e3\u7981\u72c2\u71b1\u6709\u95dc\u30021992\u5e74\uff0c\u5dde\u7acb\u76e3\u7344\u88e1\u95dc\u62bc\u4e86\u5927\u7d04\u6709109500\u4eba\uff0c\u52302015\u5e74\u589e\u52a0\u5230129000\u4eba\uff0c\u589e\u5e4518%\uff0c\u800c\u7f88\u62bc\u671f\u9593\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u4eba\u6578\u4e0a\u5347\u4e86125%\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u8d85\u904e\u56da\u72af\u4eba\u6578\u589e\u5e45\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u76e3\u7344\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u6975\u5927\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002 \u5c31\u62ffSanta Clara\u7e23\u76e3\u7344\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c2015\u5e74\u66fe\u7d93\u767c\u751f3\u500b\u7344\u8b66\u5c07\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0d\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u56da\u72afMichael Tyree\u6253\u6b7b\u7684\u60e1\u6027\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bcBerkeley\u7684\u6b98\u75be\u4eba\u6b0a\u5229\u5021\u5c0e\u8005\u5354\u6703\uff08Disability Rights Advocates\uff09\u53c8\u4ee3\u8868\u95dc\u62bc\u5728Santa Clara\u7e23\u76e3\u7344\u7684\u67f1\u62d0\u6756\u3001\u5750\u8f2a\u6905\u7684\u56da\u72af\u5411\u806f\u90a6\u6cd5\u9662\u63d0\u8d77\u8a34\u8a1f\u3002\u8a72\u6307\u63a7\u7bc4\u570d\u5ee3\u6cdb\uff0c\u5f9e\u904e\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u6b66\u529b\u5230\u904e\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u55ae\u7368\u76e3\u7981\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8170\u90e8\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7671\u7613\u7684\u56da\u72afBrandon Williams\u5728\u88ab\u4e00\u8f1b\u8ca8\u8eca\u904b\u9001\u5230\u6cd5\u9662\u9014\u4e2d\u56e0\u70ba\u8f2a\u6905\u6c92\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u597d\u800c\u7ffb\u5012\u53d7\u50b7\uff1b\u53c8\u5982\u56da\u72afRobert Phillips\u5728\u5165\u7344\u524d\u56e0\u8116\u5b50\u3001\u8170\u90e8\u548c\u817f\u90e8\u53d7\u50b7\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u62d6\u7740\u53f3\u8173\u8d70\u8def\u3002\u53ef\u662f\u5165\u7344\u4e09\u500b\u6708\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u62d2\u7d55\u4f7f\u7528\u62d0\u6756\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e00\u8d70\u51fa\u7262\u623f\uff0c\u5169\u689d\u817f\u5c31\u652a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5931\u53bb\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u6454\u8de4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e0b\u6a13\u68af\u6642\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u6454\u5f97\u5931\u53bb\u77e5\u89ba\u3002\u8a72\u8a34\u8a1f\u9084\u6307\u63a7\u8a31\u591a\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5982Elmwood\u76e3\u7344\u4eba\u884c\u9053\u4e0a\u6709\u88c2\u7e2b\u3001\u4e3b\u76e3\u7344\u5ec1\u6240\u9644\u8fd1\u7f3a\u5c11\u6276\u624b\u687f\uff0c\u53c8\u5982\u8a31\u591a\u6b98\u75be\u4eba\u56da\u72af\u88ab\u5b89\u7f6e\u5728\u9060\u6bd4\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\u66f4\u56b4\u683c\u770b\u5b88\u7684\u7262\u623f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u56e0\u800c\u6bcf\u5929\u81f3\u5c11\u670923\u500b\u5c0f\u6642\u88ab\u95dc\u62bc\u5728\u7262\u623f\u88e1\uff0c\u9023\u6dcb\u6d74\u3001\u91ab\u7642\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u8077\u696d\u8a08\u5283\u4e5f\u5e38\u5e38\u88ab\u62d2\u7d55\u3002\u8a72\u8a34\u8a1f\u72c0\u9084\u7a31\u76e3\u7344\u7684\u7533\u8a34\u5236\u5ea6\u201c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6c92\u7528\u201d\uff0c\u5c0d\u6b98\u75be\u4eba\u56da\u72af\u7684\u6295\u8a34\u7d93\u5e38\u662f\u5145\u8033\u4e0d\u805e\u3002 \u7e23\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c40\u8ca0\u8cac\u76e3\u7344\u4e8b\u52d9\u7684Laurie Smith\u5728\u4e00\u4efd\u66f8\u9762\u8072\u660e\u4e2d\u8aaa\uff0c\u7e23\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c40\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8996\u6b98\u75be\u4eba\u56da\u72af\u6295\u8a34\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5df2\u7d93\u958b\u59cb\u4f5c\u51fa\u91cd\u5927\u6539\u9032\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u539f\u4f86\u5c0d\u91ab\u7642\u6295\u8a34\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8acb\u6c42\u624b\u6756\u7684\u56da\u72af\u6536\u53d63\u7f8e\u5143\u6295\u8a34\u8cbb\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u5df2\u7d93\u505c\u6b62\u6536\u53d6\u3002\u5979\u9084\u8aaa\uff0c\u7e23\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c40\u5c07\u5118\u5feb\u5be6\u65bd\u82e5\u5e72\u65b0\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u65b0\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u6539\u9032\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u6b98\u75be\u4eba\u56da\u72af\u3002\u201c\u6211\u5011\u671f\u5f85\u7740\u5efa\u8a2d\u65b0\u7684\u76e3\u7344\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u65b0\u7684\u76e3\u7344\u5c07\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u9069\u61c9\u6b98\u75be\u4eba\u56da\u72af\uff0c\u6703\u89e3\u6c7a\u5728\u9019\u500b\u8a34\u8a1f\u91cc\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u201d\u81ea\u5f9e\u767c\u751fSince Tyree\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0cSanta Clara\u7e23\u653f\u5e9c\u5f9e\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u7372\u5f97\u4e862.4\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u8cc7\u91d1\u8208\u5efaSanta Clara\u7e23\u4e3b\u76e3\u7344\uff0c\u9810\u8a08\u5728\u4e09\u5e74\u5167\u5b8c\u6210\u3002 2015\u5e74\u5728Tyree\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6b98\u75be\u4eba\u6b0a\u5229\u96c6\u5718\u5c31\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5a01\u8105\u7e23\u653f\u5e9c\u8981\u8d77\u8a34\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5f8c\u4f86\u540c\u610f\u548c\u7e23\u653f\u5e9c\u9032\u5165\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u8ac7\u5224\u9032\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u7531\u7e23\u653f\u5e9c\u82b1\u8cbb\u7d0447\u842c\u7f8e\u5143\u50f1\u50ad\u4e00\u540d\u9867\u554f\u5c0d\u7e23\u76e3\u7344\u505a\u4e00\u6b21\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u5be9\u67e5\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8b93\u96d9\u65b9\u5c31\u76e3\u7344\u6539\u9032\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u9054\u6210\u5354\u8b70\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6602\u8cb4\u7684\u8a34\u8a1f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u7e23\u653f\u5e9c\u9084\u6bcf\u500b\u6708\u652f\u4ed8\u7d0415000\u7f8e\u5143\u505a\u76e3\u7344\u76e3\u7763\u8cbb\u7528\u3002\u7576\u6b98\u75be\u4eba\u6b0a\u5229\u96c6\u5718\u63d0\u8d77\u8a34\u8a1f\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u8cbb\u7528\u5c31\u505c\u6b62\u652f\u4ed8\u4e86\u3002\u7e23\u653f\u5e9c\u57f7\u884c\u5b98Jeff 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\u52a0\u5dde\u5047\u91cb\u5b98\uff08head of state parole\uff09\u3001\u52a0\u5dde47\u865f\u63d0\u6848\u7684\u5236\u5b9a\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00Tom 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San Jose\u5dde\u7acb\u5927\u5b78\u53f8\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u7cfb\u8b1b\u5e2bGreg Woods\u8aaa\uff0c\u9019\u5834\u8faf\u8ad6\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7a81\u986f\u51fa\uff0c\u6253\u64ca\u72af\u7f6a\u201c\u5b8c\u5168\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5011\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u6240\u505a\u7684\u6b63\u597d\u8207\u806f\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u63a1\u53d6\u56b4\u53b2\u6253\u64ca\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u662f\u6e1b\u5c11\u806f\u90a6\u76e3\u7344\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u589e\u52a0\u7e23\u76e3\u7344\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u90a3\u6211\u5011\u5c31\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u73a9\u6436\u6905\u5b50\u904a\u6232\u3002\u201d San Jose\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\u9810\u9632\u5e6b\u6d3e\u6d3b\u52d5\u7279\u5de5\u7d44\uff08Gang Prevention Task Force\uff09\u8ca0\u8cac\u4ebaMario 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Newsom\u4e0a\u4efb\u52a0\u5dde\u5dde\u9577\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u6bcf\u9694\u5e7e\u5929\u5c31\u6703\u5ba3\u5e03\u4ed6\u548c\u52a0\u5dde\u8b70\u6703\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u53c8\u9054\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e86\u672c\u5c46\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u8b70\u984c\u3002\u96a8\u7740\u4e00\u9805\u53c8\u4e00\u9805\u8b70\u6848\u901a\u904e\uff0c\u4ed6\u986f\u7136\u5728\u9818\u7740\u52a0\u5dde\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u5411\u5de6\u504f\u96e2\uff0c\u9032\u5165\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u6b77\u5c46\u524d\u4efb\u5011\u90fd\u4e0d\u9858\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u610f\u8b58\u5f62\u614b\u9818\u57df\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u5011\u4f86\u5217\u8209\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u70ba\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u9818\u57df\u3002 \u547d\u4ee4\u66ab\u505c\u57f7\u884c\u6b7b\u5211\uff0c\u5927\u8d66\u6b7b\u56da\uff0c\u70ba\u91cd\u5211\u72af\u6e1b\u5211 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Brown\u5426\u6c7a\u3002\u7d10\u68ee\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c2019\u5e74\u662f\u4ed6\u5be6\u73fe\u9577\u671f\u4ee5\u4f86\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u7fa9\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u6642\u6a5f\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u9ee8\u8b70\u54e1\u5011\u6b63\u5728\u63a8\u52d5\u773e\u8b70\u9662\u7b2c32\u865f\u6cd5\u6848\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u52a0\u5dde\u5f9e2020\u5e741\u6708\u958b\u59cb\u6279\u51c6\u8207\u76e3\u7344\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5408\u540c\uff0c\u4e26\u57282028\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u5c07\u6240\u6709\u56da\u72af\u5f9e\u79c1\u7acb\u76e3\u7344\u9077\u51fa\u3002 \u7a7a\u8ac7\u89e3\u6c7a\u4f4f\u623f\u554f\u984c 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