{"id":223417,"date":"2022-07-22T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-07-22T13:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/?p=223417"},"modified":"2022-07-21T15:35:44","modified_gmt":"2022-07-21T22:35:44","slug":"%e7%be%8e%e5%9c%8b%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%b1%e8%87%aa%e7%94%b1%e5%8b%b3%e7%ab%a0%e7%b0%a1%e4%bb%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/2022\/07\/22\/%e7%be%8e%e5%9c%8b%e7%b8%bd%e7%b5%b1%e8%87%aa%e7%94%b1%e5%8b%b3%e7%ab%a0%e7%b0%a1%e4%bb%8b\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7f8e\u570b\u7e3d\u7d71\u81ea\u7531\u52f3\u7ae0\u7c21\u4ecb"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>7\u67087\u65e5\u62dc\u767b\u7e3d\u7d71\u5728\u767d\u5bae\u9812\u767c\u4e86\u7e3d\u7d71\u81ea\u7531\u52f3\u7ae0\uff08Presidential Medal of 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Who The People?","author":"Raymond","date":"March 13, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cWe The People\u201d(\u6211\u5011\u5408\u773e\u570b\u4eba\u6c11)\uff0c\u662f1787\u5e74\u539f\u7248\u7f8e\u570b\u61b2\u6cd5\u7b2c\u4e00\u9801\u7684\u982d\u4e09\u500b\u5b57\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u61b2\u6cd5\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u6700\u591a\u7684\u5b57\u773c\u3002 \u96d6\u7136\u9019\u4e09\u5b57\u5e36\u51fa\u7684\u5e8f\u8a00\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u9577\u53e5\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u5be6\u8cea\u806f\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u6b0a\u529b\u6388\u4e88\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u662f\u7acb\u570b\u7cbe\u795e\u8207\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u6027\u95e1\u8ff0\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c1942\u5e742\u670819\u65e5\u7531\u7f85\u65af\u798f\u7e3d\u7d71(Franklin D. Roosevelt)\u767c\u5e03\u7684\u4e00\u9053\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee4(Executive Order, EO)\uff0c\u7a81\u7136\u8b93\u6578\u842c\u4eba\u5728\u60f3\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5408\u773e\u570b\u4eba\u6c11(We The People!)\uff0c\u4f46\u5408\u773e\u570b\u4eba\u6c11\u662f\u6211\u55ce\uff1f(Who The People?) \u00a0 \u81ea1941\u5e7412\u67088\u65e5\uff0c\u7f85\u65af\u798f\u7e3d\u7d71\u56e0\u73cd\u73e0\u6e2f\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c0d\u65e5\u6b63\u5f0f\u5ba3\u6230\u5f8c\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u521d\u671f\u5c1a\u80fd\u5c0d\u65e5\u88d4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5177\u516c\u6c11\u8eab\u5206\u7684\u7f8e\u7c4d\u8005\u5ba2\u89c0\u770b\u5f85\uff0c\u4f46\u5fe0\u8aa0\u5ea6\u7684\u554f\u865f\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u7f85\u65af\u798f\u7e3d\u7d71\u8207FBI\u5c40\u9577\u80e1\u4f5b(J. Edgar Hoover)\u7b49\u884c\u653f\u90e8\u9580\u66fe\u8df3\u51fa\u4f86\u66ff\u65e5\u88d4\u95e2\u8b20\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u793e\u6703\u8f3f\u8ad6\u3001\u96c6\u9ad4\u504f\u898b\u548c\u8ecd\u65b9\u58d3\u529b\u90fd\u5728\u4fc3\u6210\u7f85\u65af\u798f\u7e3d\u7d71\u767c\u5e03\u300a\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee49066\u865f\u300b(EO 9066)\u3002 \u00a0 \u9019\u9053\u547d\u4ee4\u6388\u6b0a\u6230\u722d\u90e8\u9577\u548c\u8ecd\u4e8b\u6307\u63ee\u5b98\u5283\u51fa\u8ecd\u4e8b\u5340\uff0c\u70ba\u722d\u53d6\u6230\u722d\u52dd\u5229\uff0c\u4fdd\u8b77\u570b\u9632\u7269\u8cc7\u3001\u623f\u820d\u8207\u8a2d\u65bd\u514d\u65bc\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u80fd\u9593\u8adc\u8207\u7834\u58de(espionage and sabotage)\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u53ef\u5c07\u8ecd\u4e8b\u5340\u5167\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6216\u5168\u90e8\u4eba\u6392\u9664\u51fa\u53bb(excluded)\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u672c\u571f\u897f\u5cb8\u5305\u62ec\u5168\u90e8\u52a0\u5dde\u3001\u5927\u90e8\u4fc4\u52d2\u5ca1\u3001\u83ef\u76db\u9813\u8207\u4e9e\u5229\u6851\u7d0d\u5dde\uff0c\u5c31\u88ab\u5283\u70ba\u8207\u65e5\u672c\u5e1d\u570b\u6230\u9b25\u7684\u8ecd\u4e8b\u5340\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f4f\u4e86\u4e5d\u6210\u591a\u672c\u571f\u65e5\u88d4\u5171\u7d04\u5341\u4e00\u842c\u4eba\u7684\u52a0\u5dde\uff0c\u5c31\u6210\u70ba\u300c\u514d\u65bc\u9593\u8adc\u8207\u7834\u58de\u300d\u7684\u4e3b\u6230\u5834\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u4e4b\u5f8c\u5169\u9662\u901a\u904e\u7684\u300a\u516c\u5171\u6cd5503\u300b(Public Law 503)\uff0c\u958b\u59cb\u9032\u884c\u7f8e\u570b\u73fe\u4ee3\u53f2\u6709\u540d\u7684\u6b67\u8996\u8207\u6b0a\u5b9c\u4e4b\u722d\u7684\u300c\u62d8\u7559\u65e5\u88d4\u300d(Internment of Japanese Americans)\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u570b\u5bb6\u6a94\u6848\u8a18\u9304\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\u8aaa\u6cd5\u662f\u300c\u91cd\u5b89\u7f6e\u300d(Relocation)\uff0c\u4e14\u88ab\u62d8\u7559\u8005\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u7576\u6642\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u65e5\u88d4\u7684\u97d3\u570b\u8207\u53f0\u7063\u4eba\u3002 \u00a0 \u6392\u9664\u7684\u65e5\u88d4\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u7f8e\u570b\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u7d44\u6210\uff0c\u6309\u675c\u9b6f\u9580\u5716\u66f8\u9928(Harry S. Truman Library and Museum)\u8cc7\u6599\u8a18\u8f09\uff0c\u6230\u722d\u91cd\u5b89\u7f6e\u5c40(War Relocation Authority)\u5c07\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u5cb8\u8ecd\u4e8b\u5340\u5167\u7684\u65e5\u88d4\u5206\u6210\u56db\u985e\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u7d04\u56db\u842c\u4eba\u6c92\u6709\u516c\u6c11\u6b0a\u7684\u4e00\u4e16(Issei)\u5916\uff0c\u4e8c\u4e16(Nisei)\u3001\u6b78\u7f8e(Kibei)\u8207\u4e09\u4e16(Sansei)\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4e09\u985e\u5171\u7d0476,500\u4eba\uff0c\u7686\u70ba\u5728\u7f8e\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u516c\u6c11\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u88ab\u4e00\u8996\u540c\u4ec1\u5730\u5f9e\u8ecd\u4e8b\u5340\u6392\u9664\u5230\u5168\u7f8e\u5341\u500b\u62d8\u7559\u71df\u4e2d\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u6709\u5167\u83ef\u9054\u5c71\u8108\u8173\u4e0b\u7684Manzanar\uff0c\u8207\u9760\u8fd1\u4fc4\u52d2\u5ca1\u5dde\u7684Siskiyou\u7e23Tule Lake\u3002 \u00a0 \u9019\u5341\u6240\u62d8\u7559\u71df\u9664\u4e86\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6212\u5099\u7684Tule Lake\u71df\u5340\u5916\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u90fd\u57281945\u5e74\u65e5\u672c\u6295\u964d\u5f8c\u7684\u5169\u5230\u4e09\u500b\u6708\u9593\u95dc\u9589\uff0c\u4f46Tule Lake\u71df\u5340\u81f312\u67081\u65e5\u9084\u62d8\u7559\u4e8612,500\u4eba\uff0c\u76f4\u52301946\u5e743\u670820\u65e5\u624d\u5b8c\u5168\u95dc\u9589\uff0c\u534a\u6578\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u88ab\u62d8\u7559\u65e5\u88d4\u518d\u5ea6\u56de\u5230\u897f\u5cb8\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u5099\u53d7\u6b67\u8996\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u7167\u6a23\u3002 \u00a0 \u88ab\u52d2\u4ee4\u62d8\u7559\u7684\u65e5\u88d4\u4e2d\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u4e0d\u4e4f\u62ff\u61b2\u6cd5\u6b0a\u5229\u4f86\u6297\u8861\u653f\u5e9c\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee4\u8005\uff0c\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u7576\u5c6c\u52a0\u5ddeSan Leandro\u7684Fred Korematsu\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee5\u300a\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee49066\u865f\u300b\u9055\u53cd\u61b2\u6cd5\u7b2c\u4e94\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u62d2\u7d55\u670d\u5f9e\u7f8e\u570b\u9678\u8ecd\u5e73\u6c11\u6392\u9664\u4ee434\u865f\u4f86\u96e2\u958b\u4ed6\u7684\u5bb6\u3002\u6b64\u6848\u7d93\u4e0a\u8a34\u5de1\u8ff4\u6cd5\u9662\u3001\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u7b49\u5be9\u7406\uff0c\u90fd\u4e00\u81f4\u5224\u653f\u5e9c\u52dd\u8a34\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u5224\u6c7a\u6587\u4f5c\u8005Hugo Black\u6cd5\u5b98\u5426\u8a8d\u6b64\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee4\u8207\u7a2e\u65cf\u6b67\u8996\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u4ed6\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300cKorematsu\u88ab\u8ecd\u4e8b\u5340\u6392\u9664\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u5c0d\u4ed6\u6216\u4ed6\u7684\u7a2e\u65cf\u6709\u6575\u610f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u5011\u6b63\u5728\u8207\u65e5\u672c\u5e1d\u570b\u6230\u722d\uff1b\u56e0\u70ba\u6b63\u7576\u7d44\u5efa\u7684\u8ecd\u4e8b\u7576\u5c40\u5bb3\u6015\u6211\u5011\u7684\u897f\u5cb8\u88ab\u5165\u4fb5\uff0c\u88ab\u8feb\u8981\u63a1\u53d6\u9069\u7576\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\uff1b\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8ecd\u60c5\u7dca\u6025\u4e0b\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5c07\u6240\u6709\u65e5\u88d4\u516c\u6c11\u66ab\u6642\u5f9e\u897f\u5cb8\u9694\u96e2\u51fa\u4f86\uff1b\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u570b\u6703\u5728\u9019\u6230\u722d\u6642\u671f\u4fe1\u4efb\u6211\u5011\u7684\u8ecd\u4e8b\u9818\u5c0e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7121\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u5fc5\u9808\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4ed6\u5011\u6709\u6b0a\u9019\u9ebc\u505a\u3002\u300d \u00a0 \u6cd5\u5b98\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u88ab\u62d8\u7559\u7684\u65e5\u88d4\u8996\u4f5c\u4e00\u7a2e\u70ba\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u72a7\u7272\u5949\u737b\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u672a\u5617\u4e0d\u53ef\uff0c\u7562\u7adf\u70ba\u570b\u5bb6\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u78ba\u4e0d\u4fb7\u9650\u65bc\u7537\u625b\u69cd\u3001\u5973\u505a\u5de5\u9019\u9ebc\u5be6\u8cea\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f46Black\u4e5f\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u6cd5\u5b98\u4e00\u6a23\u5f9e\u672a\u61f7\u7591\u4e0d\u9075\u5b88\u547d\u4ee4\u7684Korematsu\u5c0d\u7f8e\u4e0d\u5fe0\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u5f9e1930\u5e74\u4ee3\u8d77\uff0c\u6d77\u8ecd\u60c5\u5831\u5ba4(Office of Naval Intelligence)\u5c31\u56e0\u64d4\u5fc3\u65e5\u672c\u5e1d\u570b\u6d77\u8ecd\u5d1b\u8d77\uff0c\u800c\u958b\u59cb\u76e3\u8996\u590f\u5a01\u5937\u65e5\u88d4\u7684\u5fe0\u8aa0\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u4e5f\u7372\u7f85\u65af\u798f\u7e3d\u7d71\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8207FBI\u7b49\u5404\u55ae\u4f4d\u5408\u4f5c\u64f4\u5927\u76e3\u8996\u5230\u897f\u5cb8\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u7531\u7e3d\u7d71\u4efb\u547d\u7684\u76e3\u8996\u4efb\u52d9\u982d\u5b50Curtis\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u7126\u9ede\u5831\u5c0e&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u7126\u9ede\u5831\u5c0e","link":"https:\/\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/category\/feature\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/japanese.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/japanese.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, 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Diego\u7684\u79c1\u4ebaGreenwood\u7d00\u5ff5\u9675\u5712\u88e1\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u5b78\u6703\u65bc2013\u5e74\u5bc4\u7d66\u9675\u5712\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u54e1\u4e00\u5f35\u69ae\u8b7d\u52f3\u7ae0\u724c\u533e\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5c07\u5b83\u5b89\u653e\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u5893\u524d\u3002 Photo: Chris Carlson, AP","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u5730\u65b9\u65b0\u805e&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u5730\u65b9\u65b0\u805e","link":"https:\/\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/category\/local\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Cival-War-Memorial-USA.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Cival-War-Memorial-USA.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/07\/Cival-War-Memorial-USA.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 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