{"id":169164,"date":"2019-04-03T08:19:57","date_gmt":"2019-04-03T15:19:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/old.newsforchinese.com\/v3\/?p=169164"},"modified":"2019-04-03T08:19:57","modified_gmt":"2019-04-03T15:19:57","slug":"%e7%be%8e%e5%9c%8b%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%b8%e7%94%9f%e9%9b%bb%e8%85%a6%e5%ad%b8%e7%bf%92%e6%88%90%e7%b8%be%e9%81%a0%e8%b6%85%e4%b8%ad%e5%8d%b0%e4%bf%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/2019\/04\/03\/%e7%be%8e%e5%9c%8b%e5%a4%a7%e5%ad%b8%e7%94%9f%e9%9b%bb%e8%85%a6%e5%ad%b8%e7%bf%92%e6%88%90%e7%b8%be%e9%81%a0%e8%b6%85%e4%b8%ad%e5%8d%b0%e4%bf%84\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7f8e\u570b\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u96fb\u8166\u5b78\u7fd2\u6210\u7e3e\u9060\u8d85\u4e2d\u5370\u4fc4"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u9019\u624d\u53eb\u7f8e\u570b\u4e4b\u5149\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u767c\u8868\u65bc\u300a\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u5bb6\u79d1\u5b78\u9662\u9662\u520a\u300b(<em>Proceedings of the National Academy of 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2017","format":false,"excerpt":"\u300c\u8d70\u706b\u5165\u9b54\u300d\uff0c\u6b66\u4fe0\u5c0f\u8aaa\u88e1\u5e38\u898b\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u5c0d\u8a71\u88e1\u5e38\u807d\u5230\u7684\u6210\u8a9e\uff0c\u51fa\u81ea\u6e05\u843d\u7b2c\u79c0\u624d\u9b4f\u79c0\u4ec1\u6240\u8457\u7684\u300a\u82b1\u6708\u75d5\u300b\u5c0f\u8aaa\uff0c\u8b1b\u5169\u4f4d\u6587\u4eba\u6210\u5c31\u8207\u5883\u9047\u5e7e\u6210\u5c0d\u6bd4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8207\u5169\u540d\u9752\u6a13\u5973\u5b50\u7522\u751f\u5929\u58e4\u4e4b\u5225\u7d50\u5c40\u7684\u611b\u60c5\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ee5\u73fe\u4ee3\u4fda\u8a9e\u5f62\u5bb9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u6eab\u62ff\u8207\u9b6f\u86c7\u300d(winner v.s. loser)\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u5c0d\u7167\u7d44\u3002\u9019\u672c\u5c0f\u8aaa\u9817\u6709\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9b4f\u79c0\u4ec1\u8003\u4e0a\u8209\u4eba\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c31\u4e00\u751f\u79d1\u8003\u7e3d\u4e0d\u53ca\u7b2c\u800c\u6c92\u80fd\u66f4\u4e0a\u5c64\u6a13\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u7aa9\u5728\u66f8\u9662\u8b1b\u5b78\u5beb\u66f8\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u597d\u53cb\u8b1d\u7ae0\u92cc\u4fbf\u76f4\u6307\u9019\u90e8\u5c0f\u66f8\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u5beb\u7167\uff0c\u800c\u66f8\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u529f\u4eba\u58eb\u97d3\u8377\u751f\u8207\u843d\u9b44\u5b78\u5b50\u97cb\u75be\u73e0\uff0c\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u5922\u60f3\u300c\u6eab\u62ff\u300d\u8207\u73fe\u5be6\u300c\u9b6f\u86c7\u300d\u7684\u5c0d\u6bd4\u3002\u5728\u5176\u7b2c25\u56de\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u5f8c\u4f86\u5999\u7389\u89c0\u68cb\u807d\u7434\uff0c\u8d70\u706b\u5165\u9b54\u3002\u300d\u8b93\u9019\u53e5\u6210\u8a9e\u6bd4\u5c0f\u8aaa\u9084\u51fa\u540d\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u5f8c\u4eba\u7121\u6578\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9084\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u7576\u4eca\u7f8e\u570bSTEM\u5927\u5b78\u751f\u3002 \u00a0 \u7d10\u7d04\u6642\u5831\u65bc5\u670829\u65e5\u520a\u767b\u4e00\u7bc7\u540d\u70ba\u300a\u7576\u96fb\u8166\u7de8\u78bc\u8ab2\u7206\u6eff\uff0c\u4f5c\u5f0a\u4e5f\u7206\u6eff\u300b(As Computer Coding Classes Swell, So Does Cheating)\u7684\u5c08\u984c\uff0c\u5167\u5bb9\u76f4\u6307\u77fd\u8c37\u79d1\u6280\u516c\u53f8\u4ee4\u4eba\u7fa8\u6155\u7684\u85aa\u8cc7\u916c\u52de\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u521d\u5275\u516c\u53f8\u4e00\u5915\u81f4\u5bcc\u7684\u795e\u5947\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u8b93\u5168\u7f8e\u5404\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u79d1\u7cfb\u5b78\u751f\u7206\u6eff\uff0c\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u70ba\u4e86\u62ff\u6210\u7e3e\uff0c\u4f5c\u5f0a\u60c5\u5f62\u4e5f\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u56b4\u91cd\u3002\u6614\u65e5\u6211\u5011\u5632\u7b11\u6587\u79d1\u7684\u6587\u6284\u516c\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u5728STEM\u7684\u5b78\u79d1\u4e5f\u958b\u59cb\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u5275\u65b0\u6c42\u77e5\u7684\u6e34\u671b\u88ab\u79d1\u6280\u65b0\u8cb4\u7684\u617e\u671b\u8499\u853d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7adf\u5f9e\u6700\u91cd\u8996\u6cbb\u5b78\u64cd\u5b88\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u74b0\u5883\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u9ede\u540d\u7684\u9084\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u524d\u5e7e\u540d\u5b78\u6821\u3002 \u6587\u7ae0\u6307\u51fa\uff0cUC Berkeley\u96fb\u8166\u7cfb\u6559\u6388Randy H. Katz\u66fe\u67d0\u5e74\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u4e03\u767e\u540d\u5b78\u751f\u4e2d\uff0c\u7adf\u6709\u4e00\u767e\u4eba\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5beb\u4f5c\u76f8\u4e92\u6284\u8972\uff1b\u4e00\u5806\u77fd\u8c37\u77e5\u540d\u516c\u53f8\u5275\u8fa6\u4eba\u7684\u6bcd\u6821Stanford\uff0c2015\u5e74\u67d0\u96fb\u8166\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e8c\u6210\u5b78\u751f\u88ab\u793a\u8b66\u53ef\u80fd\u4f5c\u5f0a\uff1bHarvard\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u5df2\u7d93\u54c1\u724c\u5316\u7684\u300c\u96fb\u8166\u79d1\u5b7850\u300d(Computer Science 50)\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e0a\uff0c\u53bb\u5e74\u79cb\u5b63\u5171\u6709\u516d\u5341\u591a\u4eba\u88ab\u79fb\u9001\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u69ae\u8b7d\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff0c\u800c\u90a3\u662f\u5c08\u9580\u8655\u7406\u6d89\u5acc\u4f5c\u5f0a\u7b49\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u55ae\u4f4d\uff1bYale\u53bb\u5e74\u79cb\u4e5f\u6307\u63a7\u4e94\u540d\u5b78\u751f\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8ab2\u6284\u8972\uff1b\u5e38\u6625\u85e4\u540d\u6821\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u7f85\u5fb7\u5cf6Brown\u5927\u5b78\uff0c\u53bb\u5e7449\u4ef6\u6d89\u5acc\u9055\u53cd\u5b78\u8853\u502b\u7406\u7684\u6848\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u534a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u96fb\u8166\u8ab2\u4f5c\u5f0a\uff1bPurdue\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u6388H. E. Dunsmore\u5728\u5176\u96fb\u8166\u8ab2\u4f5c\u696d\u4e2d\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5169\u540d\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6709\u8fd1\u4e00\u767e\u884c\u5beb\u5f97\u4e00\u6a21\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u9023\u932f\u8aa4\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4e5f\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4ed6\u8aaa\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u9019\u6b63\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u4e92\u76f8\u6284\u8972\u7684\u9435\u8b49\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e4b\u5f8c\u4e5f\u627f\u8a8d\u4e86\u3002\u300d \u00a0 \u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8981\u4f5c\u5f0a\uff1f\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u6975\u5ea6\u91cd\u8996\u5b78\u8853\u69ae\u8b7d\u7684\u540d\u6821\u88e1\uff0c\u672c\u4ee5\u70ba\u6709\u5f88\u6df1\u5c64\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u8a18\u8005\u5728\u8207\u5b78\u751f\u6559\u6388\u8a2a\u8ac7\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e09\u8a00\u5169\u8a9e\u5c31\u9053\u51fa\u7b87\u4e2d\u7de3\u7531\u3002\u5beb\u7a0b\u5f0f\u662f\u96fb\u8166\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6700\u82b1\u6642\u9593\u7684\u82e6\u529f\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u7df4\u529f\u592b\u8981\u8e72\u597d\u99ac\u6b65\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u5077\u61f6\u5c31\u5077\u61f6\u3002Harvard\u6559\u6388Jackson Wagner\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u4f60\u8b93\u9019\u4e9b\u5b69\u5b50\u505a\u53ea\u8981\u82b1\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u5728\u7db2\u8def\u4e0a\u6284\u5230\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u529f\u8ab2\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7576\u7136\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u53bb\u6284\u4e86\u3002\u300d\u4ed6\u6307\u7684\u662f\u50cfGitHub\u4e4b\u985e\u7db2\u7ad9\uff0c\u6703\u6709\u66fe\u4fee\u904e\u8ab2\u7684\u4eba\u628a\u7b54\u6848\u8cbc\u5728\u7db2\u4e0a\u8b93\u4eba\u53bb\u6284\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u5c31\u6c92\u4eba\u53bb\u82e6\u7df4\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u4e86\u3002\u770b\u4f86\u5229\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5feb\u901f\u61c9\u4ed8\u82e6\u60b6\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u8f15\u9b06\u62ff\u5230\u5b78\u4f4d\u5f8c\u8d95\u5feb\u53bb\u7576\u79d1\u6280\u65b0\u8cb4\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u6210\u70ba\u8a31\u591a\u5b78\u751f\u56db\u5e74\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e0d\u662fSTEM\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u8d70\u706b\u5165\u9b54\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f \u5982\u4f55\u56de\u982d\u662f\u5cb8\uff0c\u5357\u52a0\u4e00\u6240\u6c92\u4eba\u4f5c\u5f0a\u7684\u5c0f\u5b78\u9662\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u6216\u8a31\u503c\u5f97\u501f\u93e1\u3002\u4f4d\u65bcClaremont\u7684Harvey Mudd College(HMC)\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u4ee5\u8d85\u9ad8\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u7559\u6821\u7387(student retention rate)\u805e\u540d\uff0c\u66f4\u6c92\u807d\u8aaa\u904e\u6709\u4eba\u56e0\u5beb\u96fb\u8166\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6216\u5176\u5b83\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4f5c\u5f0a\u800c\u88ab\u958b\u9664\uff0c\u4e14\u5beb\u96fb\u8166\u7a0b\u5f0f\u9084\u662f\u8a72\u6821\u540d\u8ab2\uff0c\u9023\u51fa\u904e36\u4f4d\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\u7684\u52a0\u5dde\u7406\u5de5(CIT)\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u8acb\u904eHMC\u7684\u6559\u6388\u53bb\u6559\u9019\u9580\u8ab2\u3002\u5176\u8a13\u7df4\u51fa\u4f86\u7684STEM\u7562\u696d\u751f\uff0c\u5728\u5165\u8077\u5834\u5341\u5e74\u5f8c\u7684\u85aa\u6c34\u9060\u9ad8\u65bcHarvard\u8207Stanford\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6559\u80b2\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u5462\uff1f \u00a0 \u9019\u5bb6\u53ea\u6709\u516b\u767e\u540d\u5de6\u53f3\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u5b78\u9662\uff0c\u4f7f\u547d\u958b\u5b97\u660e\u7fa9\u4fbf\u8b1b\u8aaa\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u6559\u80b2\u51fa\u5177\u5099\u512a\u79c0\u4eba\u6587\u7d20\u990a\u7684STEM\u5c08\u696d\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u597d\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u6210\u70ba\u9818\u57df\u7684\u4f7c\u4f7c\u8005\uff0c\u4e26\u6e05\u695a\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u5b78\u751f\u96d6\u7136\u591a\u8d70STEM\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u60f3\u62ff\u5230\u8a72\u6821\u6587\u6191\uff0c\u9084\u8981\u5fc5\u4fee\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7562\u696d\u5b78\u5206\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u8ab2\u7a0b\u624d\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u6240\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u5c31\u662f\u6587\u5b78\u9662\u3002\u5b78\u751f\u7562\u696d\u524d\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u5fc5\u4fee\u56db\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u79d1\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6587\u5b78\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u8207\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u7b49\uff0c\u82e5\u6709\u8208\u8da3\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u8a72\u6821\u6c92\u6709\u958b\uff0c\u53ef\u53c3\u52a0Claremont Colleges\u5408\u4f5c\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5230Pitzer College\u4fee\u300a\u8a9e\u8a00\u8207\u793e\u6703\u300b\u3002\u800c\u5b78\u6821\u672c\u8eab\u958b\u7684\u8ab2\u4e5f\u5f88\u5275\u65b0\uff0c\u50cf\u6709\u300a\u6587\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u602a\u7269\u300b\u3001\u300a\u8fd1\u89aa\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5c0f\u8aaa\u4e2d\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u300b\u7b49\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u4eba\u6587\u5b78\u7a0b\u7684\u85b0\u9676\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u6703\u958b\u62d3\u51faSTEM\u6210\u7e3e\u55ae\u5916\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u8996\u91ce\u3002 \u00a0 \u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6210\u679c\u5c31\u5c55\u73fe\u5728\u300a\u5bcc\u6bd4\u4e16\u300b\u6240\u505a\u7684\u5927\u5b78\u7562\u696d\u751f\u85aa\u916c\u8abf\u67e5\u8868\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u53bb\u5e74\u4e09\u6708\u4f9d\u64da\u806f\u90a6\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u8207\u5927\u5b78\u53ef\u8ca0\u64d4\u6027\u53ca\u751f\u7522\u529b\u4e2d\u5fc3(Center for College Affordability and Productivity)\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u8a55\u6bd4\u5b78\u6821\u7562\u696d\u751f\u5de5\u4f5c\u5341\u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5e73\u5747\u85aa\u8cc7\uff0c\u5f97\u51faMIT\u4ee5$110,200\u596a\u51a0\uff0c\u800cHMC\u5247\u4ee5$106,200\u5c45\u6b21\uff0c\u4f46\u6bd4\u7b2c\u4e09\u7684Stanford\u8207\u00a0\u7b2c\u56db\u7684Harvard\u5404\u9ad8\u51fa$2,550\u8207$3,500\u3002 \u00a0 \u4f5c\u5f0a\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u5728\u5b78\u6821\u6216\u793e\u6703\u4e0a\uff0c\u88ab\u6293\u5230\u7684\u4e0b\u5834\u53ea\u6709\u5169\u7a2e\uff1a\u7576\u6389\u6216\u958b\u9664\u3002\u524d\u8005\u5982\u5fb7\u570b\u798f\u65af\u6c7d\u8eca\u5c3e\u6c23\u6392\u653e\u9020\u5047\u8ce0\u9322\u8ce0\u8072\u8b7d\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u5982Uber\u81ea\u99d5\u8eca\u9996\u5e2d\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u56e0\u7aca\u5546\u696d\u6a5f\u5bc6\u5b98\u53f8\u800c\u4e1f\u4e86\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u90fd\u53ef\u7576\u4f5c\u6559\u6388\u4e0a\u8ab2\u7b2c\u4e00\u5929\u63d0\u9192\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5b78\u5b78HMC\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\uff0cSTEM\u5b78\u751f\u9664\u4e86\u5c08\u696d\u5b78\u7fd2\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u5b78\u5206\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u4ed6\u5011\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u63a5\u89f8\u5230\u300a\u82b1\u6708\u75d5\u300b\uff0c\u6216\u6df1\u601d\u300a\u767d\u9be8\u8a18\u300b(Moby Dick)\u7684\u555f\u793a\u3002 \u00a0 \u8a18\u8005 \/ Pegasus J. Juan \u00a0","rel":"","context":"In &quot;\u7126\u9ede\u5831\u5c0e&quot;","block_context":{"text":"\u7126\u9ede\u5831\u5c0e","link":"https:\/\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/category\/feature\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Stanford-Graduates.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Stanford-Graduates.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Stanford-Graduates.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":278152,"url":"https:\/\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/2025\/06\/01\/%e5%b7%9d%e6%99%ae%e6%94%bf%e5%ba%9c%e5%bc%b7%e7%a1%ac%e6%94%bf%e7%ad%96%e8%a1%9d%e6%93%8a%e5%93%88%e4%bd%9b%e7%95%99%e5%ad%b8%e7%94%9f\/","url_meta":{"origin":169164,"position":5},"title":"\u5ddd\u666e\u653f\u5e9c\u5f37\u786c\u653f\u7b56\u885d\u64ca\u54c8\u4f5b\u7559\u5b78\u751f","author":"Raymond","date":"June 1, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u5ddd\u666e\u653f\u5e9c\u5f37\u786c\u653f\u7b56\u885d\u64ca\u54c8\u4f5b\u7559\u5b78\u751f\uff1a\u570b\u969b\u6559\u80b2\u8207\u5b78\u8853\u81ea\u7531\u9762\u81e8\u5371\u6a5f\u3002 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Thompson\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5f9e\u7814\u7a76\u8cc7\u91d1\u524a\u6e1b\u5230\u7c3d\u8b49\u53d6\u6d88\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u63aa\u65bd\u5df2\u9020\u6210\u6050\u614c\u8207\u7126\u616e\u7684\u6c1b\u570d\u3002 \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7c3d\u8b49\u8655\u7406\u7684\u5ef6\u9072\u8207\u53d6\u6d88\u4e5f\u6210\u70ba\u5e38\u614b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u5b78\u751fIsmail Ajjawi\u5728\u62b5\u9054\u6ce2\u58eb\u9813\u6a5f\u5834\u6642\u88ab\u62d8\u7559\u4e26\u9063\u8fd4\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u5176\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u9ad4\u4e0a\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u53cd\u7f8e\u8a00\u8ad6\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7a81\u986f\u4e86\u570b\u969b\u5b78\u751f\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u9762\u81e8\u7684\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u8207\u6311\u6230\u3002 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