{"id":168007,"date":"2019-03-03T21:30:35","date_gmt":"2019-03-04T05:30:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/old.newsforchinese.com\/v3\/?p=168007"},"modified":"2019-03-03T21:30:35","modified_gmt":"2019-03-04T05:30:35","slug":"%e5%be%9e%e6%a9%9f%e6%9c%83%e6%88%90%e6%9c%ac%e7%9c%8b%e9%9a%b1%e7%a7%81%e6%ac%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/2019\/03\/03\/%e5%be%9e%e6%a9%9f%e6%9c%83%e6%88%90%e6%9c%ac%e7%9c%8b%e9%9a%b1%e7%a7%81%e6%ac%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5f9e\u6a5f\u6703\u6210\u672c\u770b\u96b1\u79c1\u6b0a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u9664\u4e86\u77fd\u8c37\u5927\u516c\u53f8\u5916\uff0c\u60f3\u300c\u5929\u4e0b\u6c92\u6709\u767d\u5403\u7684\u5348\u9910\u300d(TANSTAFFL)\u61c9\u8a72\u5df2\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u5feb\u88ab\u5236\u7d04\u7684\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u5236\u7d04\u8005\u662f1976\u5e74\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b<!--more-->\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6Milton Friedman\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f37\u5316\u4e86\u7f8e\u570b\u79d1\u5e7b\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5bb6Robert A. Heinlein\uff0c\u65bc1966\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u5c0f\u8aaa<em>\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Moon_Is_a_Harsh_Mistress\"><em>The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress<\/em><\/a>\u4e2d\u958b\u59cb\u666e\u53ca\u7684\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5c07\u5176\u7576\u62101975\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u66f8\u66f8\u540d\uff0c\u4e26\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7528\u65bc\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u6587\u737b\u4e2d\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u300c\u6a5f\u6703\u6210\u672c\u300d(opportunity cost)\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u88ab\u5f8c\u8f29\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u7a31\u70ba\u7684\u300c\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u6838\u5fc3\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6a5f\u6703\u6210\u672c\u88ab\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u9762\u5c0d\u773e\u591a\u9078\u9805\u4e2d\u505a\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u88ab\u653e\u68c4\u800c\u50f9\u503c\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u9078\u9805\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9069\u5408\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u73fe\u4eca\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u79d1\u6280\u7522\u54c1\u6216\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u96b1\u79c1\u6b0a\u722d\u8b70\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u70ba\u4e86\u4eab\u53d7\u81c9\u66f8\u514d\u8cbb\u7684\u793e\u7fa4\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u88ab\u8feb\u653e\u68c4\u50f9\u503c\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u500b\u8cc7\u3002\u4f46\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e0d\u60f3\u653e\u68c4\u50f9\u503c\u9ad8\u7684\u500b\u8cc7\uff0c\u53c8\u60f3\u9078\u64c7\u64c1\u6709\u793e\u7fa4\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u662f\u5426\u9858\u610f\u653e\u68c4\u514d\u8cbb\u9019\u500b\u4e0d\u77e5\u80fd\u5426\u7b97\u662f\u6a5f\u6703\u6210\u672c\u7684\u6210\u672c\u5462\uff1f\u7121\u9ee8\u7121\u6d3e\u975e\u71df\u5229\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u69cb\u00a0Center for Data Innovation\uff0c\u4e00\u6708\u4e2d\u65ec\u767c\u8868\u4e00\u7bc7\u8abf\u7814\u8aaa\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u9858\u610f\u82b1\u9322\u8cb7\u96b1\u79c1\u7684\u3002\u8abf\u67e5\u6a23\u672c\u662f3,240\u4f4d\u4f7f\u7528\u7db2\u8def\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\uff0c\u7bc4\u570d\u7f8e\u570b\u5404\u5340\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u5e74\u9f61\u4e3b\u8981\u572825\u6b72\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u8f03\u53ef\u80fd\u6c92\u7d93\u6fdf\u57fa\u790e\u768418-24\u6b72\u6a23\u672c\u6bd43.7%\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53cd\u6620\u9019\u500b\u8abf\u7814\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u82b1\u9322\u662f\u5426\u6210\u70ba\u6a5f\u6703\u6210\u672c\u7b97\u662f\u4e2d\u80af\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u4f86\u770b\u770b\u96b1\u79c1\u3001\u514d\u8cbb\u8207\u770b\u5ee3\u544a\u9019\u5e7e\u9805\u6a5f\u6703\u6210\u672c\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u7d50\u679c\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u8abf\u7814\u554f\u5377\u662f\u9019\u6a23\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u984c\u76ee\u662f\u554f\uff1a\u300c\u540c\u610f\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\uff1f\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u50cf\u81c9\u66f8\u548c\u8c37\u6b4c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7dda\u4e0a\u670d\u52d9\u80fd\u5920\u66f4\u5c11\u6536\u96c6\u4e9b\u6211\u7684\u500b\u8cc7\u3002\u300d\u5728\u9019\u4e0d\u9700\u4ed8\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u4ee3\u50f9\u4e0b\u7684\u96b1\u79c1\u6b0a\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u679c\u7136\u5448\u73fe\u8fd1\u516b\u6210\u7684\u591a\u5c11\u540c\u610f\u5230\u5f37\u70c8\u540c\u610f\u7684\u9078\u64c7\uff0c\u4f46\u52a0\u5165\u770b\u5ee3\u544a\u7576\u4ee3\u50f9\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u6210\u672c\u9032\u53bb\u8003\u91cf\uff0c\u540c\u610f\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4fbf\u958b\u59cb\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5b50\u984c\u6700\u5f8c\u554f\u5230\u662f\u5426\u9858\u610f\u82b1\u500b\u6708\u8cbb\u4f86\u6e1b\u5c11\u6536\u96c6\u500b\u8cc7\uff0c\u540c\u610f\u8005\u8207\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u554f\u984c\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5dee\u5c31\u9ad8\u9054-53.2%\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e5f\u589e\u52a045.3%\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u8457\u7576\u521d\u514d\u8cbb\u4eab\u53d7\u4fbf\u8981\u6c42\u96b1\u79c1\u591a\u4e00\u9ede\u7684\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u9858\u4e0d\u9858\u610f\u7528\u6700\u9732\u9aa8\u7684\u4ee3\u50f9\uff0c\u82b1\u9322\u4f86\u8cb7\u9019\u500b\u6210\u672c\u6642\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u4eba\u9000\u7e2e\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u554f\u984c\u4ee5\u53cd\u9762\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u7b2c\u516d\u984c\u554f\u9053\uff1b\u300c\u540c\u610f\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\uff1f\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u81c9\u66f8\u548c\u8c37\u6b4c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7dda\u4e0a\u670d\u52d9\u80fd\u5920\u66f4\u591a\u6536\u96c6\u4e9b\u6211\u7684\u500b\u8cc7\u3002\u300d\u9664\u975e\u4f5c\u7b54\u4e0d\u5c08\u5fc3\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u7d50\u679c\u61c9\u8a72\u8207\u7b2c\u4e00\u984c\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u679c\u7136\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u5f88\u8a8d\u771f\u5730\u5728\u914d\u5408\u8abf\u7814\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u8207\u5f37\u70c8\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5408\u8a08\u4e5f\u8fd1\u516b\u6210(74.5%)\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u884d\u751f\u7684\u5982\u679c\u7d66\u4e9b\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5ee3\u544a\u3001\u5ee3\u544a\u66f4\u5c11\u3001\u5141\u8a31\u4f7f\u7528\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u8207\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u6709\u7528app\u8207\u670d\u52d9\u7b49\u8a98\u56e0\uff0c\u8b93\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u51fa\u552e\u96b1\u79c1\u4f86\u4ea4\u63db\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u6e1b\u5c11\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5c31\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u5728\u5341\u4e94\u5230\u5eff\u4e8c\u500b\u767e\u5206\u9ede\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf\u62ff\u9322\u4f86\u8cb7\u96b1\u79c1\u7684\u610f\u9858\u4e0b\u964d\u8fd1\u4e94\u6210\u9019\u9ebc\u8a87\u5f35\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u53e3\u888b\u88e1\u7684\u9214\u7968\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u96b1\u79c1\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8aaa\u767d\u82b1\u82b1\u9280\u5b50\u624d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u53ef\u8207\u96b1\u79c1\u5339\u6575\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5831\u544a\u7528\u300c\u4ea4\u6613\u300d(tradeoff)\u4f86\u5f62\u5bb9\u9019\u7a2e\u5fc3\u614b\uff0c\u7576\u6c92\u6709\u4ea4\u6613\u6216\u4ea4\u6613\u7269\u4e0d\u5177\u9b45\u529b\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u96b1\u79c1\u6b0a\u8072\u97f3\u9ad8\u6f32\uff0c\u4f46\u9762\u81e8\u7528\u91d1\u9322\u4f86\u300c\u4ea4\u6613\u300d\u96b1\u79c1\u6b0a\u6642\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u9858\u610f\u638f\u8377\u5305\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u624d\u7d04\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4e3b\u6301\u9019\u9805\u8abf\u7814\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4efbDaniel Castro\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u9650\u5236\u500b\u4eba\u8cc7\u6599\u6536\u96c6\u662f\u9700\u8981\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\uff0c\u904e\u65bc\u56b4\u82db\u7684\u96b1\u79c1\u6b0a\u7acb\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u5408\u898f\u5b9a\u6210\u672c\u4e26\u6e1b\u5c11\u516c\u53f8\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u5c07\u8feb\u4f7f\u9760\u5ee3\u544a\u652f\u6490\u7684\u5546\u696d\u6a21\u5f0f\u958b\u59cb\u6536\u53d6\u8a02\u95b1\u8cbb\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ed8\u8cbb\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u50f9\u683c\u3002\u9019\u9805\u8abf\u7814\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u4e0d\u60f3\u70ba\u96b1\u79c1\u4ed8\u9322\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u653f\u7b56\u5236\u5b9a\u8005\u61c9\u8b39\u614e\u884c\u4e8b\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e7e\u8106\u653e\u68c4\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u9019\u6a23\u6700\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u610f\u5916\u5f8c\u679c\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u60f3\u50cf\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u672a\u4f86\u4e0a\u8c37\u6b4c\u641c\u5c0b\u4e00\u7b46\u8cc7\u6599\u8981\u4e00\u5143\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u8cb7\u5f35\u96fb\u5f71\u7968\u770b\u5834\u96fb\u5f71\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u50cf\u4e32\u6d41\u5f71\u97f3\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u7e73\u500b\u6708\u8cbb\u624d\u80fd\u641c\u5c0b\u5230\u98fd\uff0c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u6d41\u901a\u6703\u666e\u53ca\u9084\u662f\u840e\u7e2e\uff1f\u793e\u6703\u5c07\u9032\u6b65\u9084\u662f\u9000\u6b65\uff1f\u7b54\u6848\u5f88\u660e\u986f\u3002\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u505a\u65e2\u4e0d\u6536\u96c6\u500b\u8cc7\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u53c8\u63d0\u4f9b\u7db2\u8def\u641c\u5c0b\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u4e8b\u696d\u3002\u5275\u7acb\u53ea\u6bd4\u8c37\u6b4c\u665a\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u300c\u4e0d\u8ffd\u8e64\u4f60\u7684\u641c\u5c0b\u5f15\u64ce\u300dDuckDuckGo(DDG)\uff0c\u6a19\u699c\u96b1\u79c1\u4e0d\u61c9\u88ab\u8cb7\u8ce3\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5e02\u5360\u7387\u5728Statcounter\u7684\u4e00\u6708\u7d71\u8a08\u70ba0.41%\uff0c\u662f\u5927\u9678\u5c08\u5c6c\u7684\u767e\u5ea6\u4e00\u534a\u3002\u8c37\u6b4c\u5360\u4e8692.86%\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u53ef\u8aaa\u8c37\u6b4c\u5403\u8089\uff0cbing\u8207Yahoo!\u559d\u6e6f\uff0c\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u8214\u6e23\u6e23\uff0c\u4f46DDG\u81f3\u5c11\u9084\u80fd\u64e0\u9032\u5e02\u5360\u7387\u7d71\u8a08\u4e2d\uff0c\u96d6\u5c11\u53ef\u78ba\u5be6\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u90a3\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u4eba\u9858\u610f\u82b1\u9322\u8cb7\u96b1\u79c1\u822c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>TechCrunch\u7684\u5c08\u6b04\u4f5c\u5bb6\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u662f\u4f4d\u5c0f\u8aaa\u5bb6\u3001\u8a18\u8005\u8207\u8edf\u9ad4\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2bJon 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Pegasus J. 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