{"id":149337,"date":"2017-12-23T06:02:06","date_gmt":"2017-12-23T14:02:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/old.newsforchinese.com\/v3\/?p=149337"},"modified":"2017-12-23T09:41:10","modified_gmt":"2017-12-23T17:41:10","slug":"%e5%8a%a0%e5%b7%9e%e6%9a%a8%e7%be%8e%e5%9c%8b%e7%9a%84%e5%88%9d%e7%ad%89%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%e5%9c%a8%e7%b9%bc%e7%ba%8c%e4%b8%8b%e6%bb%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/2017\/12\/23\/%e5%8a%a0%e5%b7%9e%e6%9a%a8%e7%be%8e%e5%9c%8b%e7%9a%84%e5%88%9d%e7%ad%89%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%e5%9c%a8%e7%b9%bc%e7%ba%8c%e4%b8%8b%e6%bb%91\/","title":{"rendered":"\u52a0\u5dde\u66a8\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u5728\u7e7c\u7e8c\u4e0b\u6ed1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"148884\" 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data-large-file=\"https:\/\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/\u9ec3\u9db4\u6a131-16-\u7248-600x189.jpg\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-148884\" src=\"http:\/\/old.newsforchinese.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/\u9ec3\u9db4\u6a131-16-\u7248.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1445\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"https:\/\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/\u9ec3\u9db4\u6a131-16-\u7248.jpg 1445w, https:\/\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/\u9ec3\u9db4\u6a131-16-\u7248-300x94.jpg 300w, https:\/\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/\u9ec3\u9db4\u6a131-16-\u7248-768x242.jpg 768w, https:\/\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/\u9ec3\u9db4\u6a131-16-\u7248-600x189.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1445px) 100vw, 1445px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u570b\u969b\u6559\u80b2\u6210\u679c\u8a55\u4f30\u5354\u6703\uff08International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement\uff09<!--more-->\u5f9e2001\u5e74\u958b\u59cb\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u570b\u6bcf5\u5e74\u8209\u8fa6\u4e00\u6b21\u672c\u570b\u8a9e\u8a00\u95b1\u8b80\u8003\u8a66\uff08Progress in International Reading Literacy 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Progress\uff09\u8a55\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u5e74\u3002CASPP\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u81ea\u9069\u61c9\u6027\u7684\u8003\u8a66\u2014\u2014\u96a8\u7740\u8003\u8a66\u7684\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u8a08\u7b97\u6a5f\u6703\u6839\u64da\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e0d\u65b7\u8abf\u6574\u984c\u76ee\u7684\u96e3\u5ea6\u3002\u8003\u8a66\u9084\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e9b\u201c\u7e3e\u6548\u4efb\u52d9\u201d\uff0c\u6aa2\u67e5\u5b78\u751f\u5011\u904b\u7528\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u6790\u73fe\u5be6\u4e16\u754c\u554f\u984c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u516c\u5e03\u76842017\u5e74\u6625\u5929\u5c0d3\u5e74\u7d1a\u52308\u5e74\u7d1a\u4ee5\u53ca11\u5e74\u7d1a\u5b78\u751f\u9032\u884c\u7684\u5e74\u5ea6\u8003\u8a66\u6210\u7e3e\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u670949%\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u82f1\u8a9e\u9054\u6a19\uff0c\u6bd42016\u5e74\u4f4e\u534a\u500b\u767e\u5206\u9ede\uff1b\u800c\u6578\u5b78\u9054\u6a19\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u53ea\u670937%\uff0c\u6bd42016\u5e74\u9ad8\u4e86\u534a\u500b\u767e\u5206\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea2015\u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u5168\u5dde\u7bc4\u570d\u7684\u82f1\u8a9e\u8a55\u4f30\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u4e09\u5e74\u7d1a\u5230\u4e94\u5e74\u7d1a\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u4e2d\uff0c\u9054\u5230\u52a0\u5dde\u8b80\u5beb\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u90fd\u4e0d\u5230\u4e00\u534a\u3002\u7279\u5225\u4ee4\u4eba\u64d4\u6182\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u52a0\u5dde\u516c\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u5728\u6821\u5b78\u751f\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7684\u975e\u88d4\u548c\u62c9\u4e01\u88d4\u5b78\u751f\u3001\u8ca7\u56f0\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u975e\u82f1\u8a9e\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u4ee5\u53ca\u6b98\u75be\u5b78\u751f\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u6210\u7e3e\u9084\u5728\u6301\u7e8c\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u5357\u52a0\u5dde\u4e00\u500b\u5f8b\u5e2b\u4e8b\u52d9\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u5168\u52a0\u5dde\u6210\u7e3e\u6700\u5dee\u76843\u6240\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u8001\u5e2b\u548c\u5b78\u751f\u5411\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u9ad8\u7b49\u6cd5\u9662\uff08Los Angeles Superior Court\uff09\u72c0\u544a\u52a0\u5dde\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\uff08California Department of Education\uff09\u5c0d\u65bc5\u5e74\u524d\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u5831\u544a\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u6587\u76f2\u5371\u6a5f\u201d\u554f\u984c\uff08literacy crisis\uff09\u6beb\u7121\u4f5c\u70ba\u3002\u8a34\u8a1f\u72c0\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u90193\u6240\u5b78\u682196%\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u90fd\u505a\u4e0d\u5230\u82f1\u8a9e\u9054\u6a19\u6216\u6578\u5b78\u9054\u6a19\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u6709\u592a\u591a\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u4e0d\u8b58\u5b57\uff08can\u2019t read\uff09\uff0c\u5ff5\u5b8c5\u5e74\u7d1a\u9084\u9054\u4e0d\u52302\u5e74\u7d1a\u5b78\u751f\u61c9\u6709\u7684\u95b1\u8b80\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u6587\u76f2\uff0c\u800c\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u6c92\u6709\u7d66\u4e88\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u52a0\u5dde\u6559\u80b2\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff08Board of Education\uff09\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3001\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b78\u69ae\u8b7d\u6559\u6388Michael 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Progress\uff09\u4e2d\u79d1\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\uff08science\uff092015\u5e74\u7684\u8003\u8a66\u6210\u7e3e\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b78\u751f\u4f5c\u70ba\u6574\u9ad4\u8655\u65bc\u5168\u570b\u588a\u5e95\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u52a0\u5dde4\u5e74\u7d1a\u5b78\u751f\u9054\u5230\u201c\u7cbe\u901a\uff08proficient\uff09\u201d\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u53ea\u670924%\uff0c\u6bd4\u5168\u570b\u5e73\u5747\u6c34\u5e73\u4f4e13\u500b\u767e\u5206\u9ede\uff1b\u52a0\u5dde8\u5e74\u7d1a\u5b78\u751f\u9054\u5230\u201c\u7cbe\u901a\u201d\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u4e5f\u662f24%\uff0c\u6bd4\u5168\u570b8\u5e74\u7d1a\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6c34\u5e73\u4f4e10\u500b\u767e\u5206\u9ede\u3002 \u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u5f9e\u58de\u6d88\u606f\u4e2d\u4e5f\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u597d\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u53c3\u52a0\u8003\u8a66\u7684620\u842c\u52a0\u5dde\u5b78\u751f\u4e0d\u518d\u5750\u672b\u628a\u4ea4\u6905\u4e86\u3002\u9019\u6b21\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\u8003\u8a66\u52a0\u5dde4\u5e74\u7d1a\u5b78\u751f\u5e73\u5747\u6210\u7e3e\u6bd4\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u8003\u8a66\uff082009\u5e74\uff09\u9ad8\u4e864\u5206\uff08\u7e3d\u5206300\u5206\uff09\uff0c\u6392\u540d\u5f9e\u5012\u6578\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e0a\u5347\u5230\u5012\u6578\u7b2c\u4e09\uff1b8\u5e74\u7d1a\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6210\u7e3e\u6bd4\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u8003\u8a66\uff082011\u5e74\uff09\u9ad8\u4e863\u5206\uff0c\u6392\u540d\u5f9e2009\u5e74\u7684\u5012\u6578\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e0a\u5347\u5230\u5012\u6578\u7b2c\u4e94\uff0c\u8d85\u904e\u4e86\u590f\u5a01\u5937\u5dde\u3001\u963f\u62c9\u5df4\u99ac\u5dde\u3001\u65b0\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u5dde\u548c\u5bc6\u897f\u897f\u6bd4\u5dde\u3002 \u7845\u8c37\u6559\u80b2\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\uff08Silicon Valley Education Foundation\uff09Manny Barbara\u8aaa\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u5b78\u751f\u79d1\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\u6210\u7e3e\u4f4e\u8ff7\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u5341\u5e7e\u5e74\u4f86\u5b78\u6821\u8feb\u65bc\u806f\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u300a\u4e0d\u8b93\u4e00\u500b\u5b69\u5b50\u6389\u968a\u6cd5\uff08No Child Left Behind\uff09\u300b\u800c\u53ea\u9867\u6578\u5b78\u548c\u82f1\u8a9e\u3002\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u5c0f\u5b78\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u79d1\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\u8ab2\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e5f\u53ea\u6709\u5f88\u5c11\u5e7e\u7bc0\u8ab2\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u8a72\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u6148\u5584\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\u5c07\u5927\u91cf\u8cc7\u91d1\u6ce8\u5165STEM\uff08science, technology, engineering, math\uff09\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5b78\u6821\u9084\u662f\u628a\u91cd\u9ede\u653e\u5728\u6578\u5b78\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6700\u8fd1\u79d1\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\u8ab2\u624d\u8d95\u4e0a\u4f86\u3002\u52a0\u5dde\u79d1\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\u6559\u5e2b\u5354\u6703\uff08California Science Teachers Association\uff09\u57f7\u884c\u4e3b\u4efbJessica Sawko\u8aaa\uff1a\u201c\u9019\u6b21\u8003\u8a66\u6210\u7e3e\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u5f88\u4e45\u4ee5\u4f86\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u52a0\u5dde\u5b78\u751f\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5b78\u7fd2\u79d1\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8981\u5f9e\u4f4e\u5e74\u7d1a\u958b\u59cb\u5b78\u3002\u201d \u52a0\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u57283\u5e74\u591a\u4ee5\u524d\u5ba3\u5e03\u66ab\u505c\u82f1\u8a9e\u548c\u6578\u5b78\u7684\u5168\u570b\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u8003\u8a66\uff0c\u6539\u7528\u548c\u52a0\u5dde\u300a\u5171\u540c\u6838\u5fc3\u5dde\u7acb\u6a19\u6e96\uff08Common Core State Standards\uff09\u300b\u76f8\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u8003\u8a66\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u9084\u7533\u8acb\u52a0\u5dde\u5b78\u751f\u514d\u8a66\u79d1\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\u3002\u7576\u6642\u7684\u806f\u90a6\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u9577Arne Duncan\u5927\u70ba\u5149\u706b\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\u4e2d\u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u806f\u90a6\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8981\u6c42\u5404\u5dde\u7ba1\u7406\u82f1\u8a9e\u3001\u6578\u5b78\u548c\u79d1\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\u7684\u5e74\u5ea6\u8003\u8a66\u4e26\u5831\u544a\u6210\u7e3e\u3002\u52a0\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u63d0\u8b70\u66ab\u505c\u79d1\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\u8003\u8a66\u662f\u9055\u53cd\u806f\u90a6\u6559\u80b2\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u3002\u70ba\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u5a01\u8105\u8981\u505c\u767c\u806f\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u7d66\u52a0\u5dde\u516c\u7acb\u5b78\u6821\u768435.2\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\u64a5\u6b3e\u3002\u52a0\u5dde\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u56b4\u8a5e\u6279\u8a55\u806f\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u7a31Arne Duncan\u70ba\u865b\u5f35\u8072\u52e2\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u5728\u52a0\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u806f\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u4e4b\u9593\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u5834\u66e0\u65e5\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u5c0d\u5cd9\u6230\u3002 \u5f9e3\u5e74\u524d\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u63a1\u7528\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\u6a19\u6e96\u66f4\u65b0\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u91cd\u7d44\u5e74\u5ea6\u79d1\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\u8003\u8a66\uff0c\u8a55\u4f305\u5e74\u7d1a\u30018\u5e74\u7d1a\u548c10\u5e74\u7d1a\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u3002\u4e26\u4e14\u9023\u7e8c\u5169\u5e74\u7528\u52a0\u5dde\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u201c\u667a\u80fd\u5e73\u8861\u8a55\u4f30\u201d\uff08Smarter Balanced Assessment\uff09\u53d6\u4ee3\u5168\u570b\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u8003\u8a66\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u516c\u5e03\u8003\u8a66\u6210\u7e3e\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u9019\u4e9b\u8003\u8a66\u9084\u662f\u5728\u958b\u767c\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u6e96\u5099\u5728\u4eca\u5e74\u6625\u5929\u548c2018\u5e74\u6309\u7167\u65b0\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u9032\u884c\u8a66\u9a57\u8003\u8a66\uff0c\u4f46\u806f\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u4e00\u76f4\u62d2\u7d55\u7d66\u52a0\u5dde\u8c41\u514d\u806f\u90a6\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6240\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\u8003\u8a66\u3002\u73fe\u4efb\u806f\u90a6\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u9577John B. King Jr.\u7684\u9ad8\u7d1a\u9867\u554fAnn Whalen\u5728\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\u4e2d\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u52a0\u5dde\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u6c92\u6709\u8b49\u660e\u8c41\u514d\u79d1\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\u8003\u8a66\u6703\u6709\u5229\u65bc\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b78\u751f\u6210\u7e3e\u548c\u5728\u6821\u8868\u73fe\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u505a\u6cd5\u65e2\u7121\u6cd5\u8a55\u4f30\u5728\u5b78\u7fd2\u79d1\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9032\u6b65\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5920\u5be6\u73fe\u5b78\u6821\u548c\u516c\u773e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u3002\u201d\u4f46\u4ed6\u6c92\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u628a\u9580\u95dc\u6b7b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u52a0\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u9858\u610f\u91cd\u65b0\u4fee\u6539\u8c41\u514d\u8acb\u6c42\u7684\u8a71\u3002 \u52a0\u5dde\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u9577\uff08Superintendent of Schools\uff09Tom Torlakson\u8aaa\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5f37\u8feb\u5b78\u6821\u628a\u9322\u82b1\u5728\u9673\u820a\u904e\u6642\u7684\u8003\u8a66\u4e0a\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u3002\u9019\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u63a7\u5236\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002\u9019\u662f\u806f\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u62d2\u7d55\u52a0\u5dde\u7684\u8acb\u6c42\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u5c07\u6703\u4e0a\u8a34\u3002\u201d\u52a0\u5dde\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u5728\u65b0\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u4e0a\u8a34\u4fe1\u4e2d\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u91cd\u7533\u4e0a\u4e00\u5c01\u4e0a\u8a34\u4fe1\u4e2d\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u800c\u7121\u8996\u806f\u90a6\u5b98\u54e1\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5916\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4f86\u8655\u7406\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\u3002\u64da\u806f\u90a6\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u5b98\u54e1\u8aaa\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u52a0\u5dde\u4ee5\u5916\u6c92\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u5dde\u8981\u6c42\u8c41\u514d\u79d1\u5b78\u5e38\u8b58\u8003\u8a66\u3002\u5728\u88ab\u554f\u53ca\u52a0\u5dde\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8981\u9019\u6a23\u55ae\u7368\u641e\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0cTorlakson\u56de\u7b54\u8aaa\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u505a\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u505a\u3002\u201d 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