{"id":142063,"date":"2017-08-19T06:07:15","date_gmt":"2017-08-19T13:07:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/old.newsforchinese.com\/v3\/?p=142063"},"modified":"2017-08-20T21:00:08","modified_gmt":"2017-08-21T04:00:08","slug":"%e6%a9%9f%e5%99%a8%e4%ba%ba%e6%90%b6%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e4%b8%8d%e5%8f%aa%e6%9c%89%e6%84%9f%e9%82%84%e6%9c%89%e6%95%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/2017\/08\/19\/%e6%a9%9f%e5%99%a8%e4%ba%ba%e6%90%b6%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c%e4%b8%8d%e5%8f%aa%e6%9c%89%e6%84%9f%e9%82%84%e6%9c%89%e6%95%b8\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u6436\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u53ea\u6709\u611f\u9084\u6709\u6578"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u8fd1\u65e5Mark Zuckerberg\u8207Elon Musk\uff0c\u70ba\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u6167\u662f\u5426\u6703\u7d42\u7d50\u4eba\u985e\u722d\u5f97\u9762\u7d05\u8033\u8d64\uff0c\u5169\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u79d1\u6280\u696d\u5148\u9a45\uff0c<!--more-->\u4f46\u5169\u4eba\u90fd\u6c92\u5728\u8faf\u8ad6\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u53cd\u5012\u662f\u5169\u4f4d\u5927\u5b78\u88e1\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u5bb6\u5df2\u6709\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u4e0d\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u5982\u4f55\u6bc0\u6ec5\u4eba\u985e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7a0d\u5fae\u5ba2\u6c23\u9ede\u7684\u6436\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u8b70\u984c\u904e\u53bb\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u6709\u611f\u6c92\u6578\uff0c\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\u7684Daron Acemoglu\u6559\u6388\u8207\u6ce2\u58eb\u9813\u5927\u5b78\u7684Pascual Restrepo\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u65bc\u4e09\u6708\u767c\u8868\u300a\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u8207\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a\u5f9e\u7f8e\u570b\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u5e02\u5834\u4f86\u7684\u8b49\u64da\u300b(<em>ROBOTS AND JOBS: EVIDENCE FROM US LABOR MARKETS<\/em>)\uff0c\u9996\u5ea6\u91cf\u5316\u9019\u7a2e\u5a01\u8105\u611f\uff0c\u5167\u5bb9\u91cd\u9ede\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6bcf\u5343\u540d\u5de5\u4eba\u589e\u4e00\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba(robot per thousand workers)\uff0c\u5c07\u53ef\u6700\u9ad8\u8b93\u516d\u4f4d\u5de5\u4eba\u5931\u696d\uff0c\u6216\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u85aa\u6c34\u6e1b\u5c11\u8fd1\u4e00\u500b\u767e\u5206\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u8b93\u9019\u4efd\u5831\u544a\u53d7\u5230\u77da\u76ee\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684Acemoglu\u6559\u6388\u540d\u6c23\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f2005\u5e74\u6709\u5c0f\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7d93\u6fdf\u734e\u4e4b\u7a31\u7684John Bates Clark\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\uff0c\u8a72\u734e\u662f\u9812\u7d66\u5728\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u601d\u60f3\u8207\u77e5\u8b58\u4e0a\u6709\u5353\u8d8a\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u56db\u5341\u6b72\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u8005\u3002\u6bcf\u5169\u5e74\u9812\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u662f\u9664\u4e86\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u5916\uff0c\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u9818\u57df\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u734e\u9805\uff0c\u4e14\u5e73\u5747\u6709\u56db\u6210\u7684\u5f97\u4e3b\uff0c\u65e5\u5f8c\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u5167\u90fd\u6703\u518d\u62ff\u5230\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u734e\u3002\u800c\u4ed6\u9664\u4e86\u6b64\u734e\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f9e2004\u5e74\u4ee5\u5f8c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5e74\u5e74\u62ff\u734e\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u571f\u8033\u5176\u88d4\u80cc\u666f\u66f4\u662f\u8b93\u4ed6\u7372\u5f97\u8a31\u591a\u4f86\u81ea\u6bcd\u570b\u7684\u69ae\u8000\uff0c\u50cf2013\u5e74\u5f97\u5230\u8a72\u570b\u7e3d\u7d71\u6587\u5316\u85dd\u8853\u5927\u734e(Presidential Culture and Arts Grand Awards)\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u6839\u64da\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u8ad6\u6587\u6307\u6a19\u7684IDEAS \/ RePEc\uff0c\u4ed6\u53ef\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u5e38\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5341\u5927\u4f5c\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u6700\u591a\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u662f2000\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u767c\u5c55\u6e90\u982d\uff1a\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u8b49\u8abf\u67e5\u300b(<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Colonial_origins_of_comparative_development\"><em>Colonial origins of comparative development<\/em><\/a><em> \u2013 An Empirical Investigation<\/em>)\u3002\u57282011\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u7fa4\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u8abf\u7814\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u7e7cPaul Krugman\u8207Greg Mankiw\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6392\u540d\u7b2c\u4e09\u559c\u6b61\u7684\u516d\u5341\u6b72\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u8aaa\u4e86\u9019\u9ebc\u591a\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u4f86\u982d\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8981\u652f\u6490\u9019\u7bc7\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u975e\u5e38\u300c\u5371\u8a00\u8073\u807d\u300d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5206\u6790\u4e861990\u81f32007\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u672c\u5730\u52de\u52d5\u5e02\u5834\u589e\u52a0\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u696d\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e00\u7a2e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0b\uff0c\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u751f\u7522\u529b\u5339\u6575\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u6709\u76f4\u89ba\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5ffd\u7565\u5730\u65b9\u52de\u52d5\u5e02\u5834\u7684\u4e92\u52d5(\u5373\u901a\u52e4\u5de5\u4f5c)\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u85c9\u901a\u52e4\u5340\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u4f86\u8c50\u5bcc\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u67b6\u69cb\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4ea4\u6613\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u8996\u70baArmington(1969)\u8207Anderson(1979)\u7684\u67b6\u69cb\uff0c\u8207\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u6574\u5408\u3002\u7d50\u679c\u63a8\u7b97\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u6bcf\u5343\u5de5\u4eba\u4e00\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u5c31\u6703\u6e1b\u5c116.2\u4efd\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u85aa\u8cc7\u964d\u4f4e0.7%\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u6700\u5e38\u53d6\u4ee3\u7684\u6c7d\u8eca\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u4ee3\u8868\u57ce\u5e02\u5e95\u7279\u5f8b\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8eca\u5ee0\u56e0\u6e1b\u5c11\u96c7\u7528\u5de5\u4eba\u800c\u8b93\u8eca\u8ce3\u5f97\u66f4\u4fbf\u5b9c\uff0c\u5c31\u696d\u7387\u61c9\u8a72\u6703\u5728\u5168\u570b\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u5730\u65b9\u5176\u5b83\u7522\u696d\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u92fc\u9435\u696d\u8207\u8a08\u7a0b\u8eca\u696d\uff0c\u8003\u616e\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u9019\u985e\u56e0\u7d20\u5f8c\uff0c\u6bcf\u5343\u5de5\u4eba\u4e00\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u9084\u662f\u6703\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e09\u500b\u4eba\u985e\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u85aa\u6c34\u6e1b\u5c110.25%\u3002\u6574\u9ad4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6bcf\u5343\u5de5\u4eba\u589e\u4e00\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u6e1b\u5c11\u5c31\u696d\u4eba\u53e30.18\u81f30.34\u500b\u767e\u5206\u9ede\uff0c\u85aa\u6c34\u964d0.25%\u81f30.5%\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5831\u544a\u52a0\u5287\u4e86\u9577\u4e45\u4ee5\u4f86\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u722d\u8faf\uff1a\u79d1\u6280\u662f\u5e6b\u4eba\u985e\u505a\u4e8b\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4e26\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u65b0\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6291\u6216\u662f\u6700\u7d42\u5168\u9762\u53d6\u4ee3\u4eba\u985e\uff1f\u9019\u5169\u4f5c\u8005\u4e00\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u53e6\u7bc7\u5408\u4f5c\u7814\u7a76\u66fe\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u5728\u5408\u7406\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u8207\u8907\u96dc\u65b0\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5275\u9020\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u651c\u624b\u540c\u884c\u7684\u3002\u589e\u52a0\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u53ef\u964d\u4f4e\u4f7f\u7528\u52de\u5de5\u7684\u751f\u7522\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u4e26\u523a\u6fc0\u66f4\u5feb\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u300d\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\u589e\u52a0\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\uff0c\u53ef\u5275\u9020\u66f4\u65b0\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u696d\u7387\u8207\u85aa\u8cc7\u6700\u7d42\u9084\u662f\u56de\u5230\u6c92\u6709\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u524d\u7684\u6c34\u6e96\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u78bc\u982d\u4e0a\u7684\u8d77\u91cd\u6a5f\u66ff\u63db\u6389\u78bc\u982d\u5de5\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u8207\u8ca1\u52d9\u4eba\u54e1\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u65b0\u79d1\u6280\u4e5f\u61c9\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u8edf\u9ad4\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e2b\u8207\u6578\u64da\u5206\u6790\u5e2b\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u8077\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u662f\u6982\u5ff5\u6027\u6f14\u7e79\uff0c\u5230\u9019\u4e00\u7bc7\u53ef\u5c31\u662f\u9435\u931a\u931a\u6578\u64da\u7684\u8ad6\u8b49\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u6253\u4e86\u524d\u8005\u7684\u81c9\u3002\u9019\u5169\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u9a5a\u8a1d\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u884c\u696d\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u65b0\u589e\u591a\u5c11\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f86\u62b5\u92b7\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u7684\u640d\u5931\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u5011\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u6703\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u73fe\u72c0\u537b\u662f\u4ecd\u6709\u5927\u6279\u524d\u9014\u672a\u535c\u7684\u5931\u696d\u4eba\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u7121\u5927\u5b78\u5b78\u6b77\u7684\u85cd\u9818\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u3002Acemoglu\u6559\u6388\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u7d50\u8ad6\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u5c31\u696d\u548c\u85aa\u8cc7\u6c34\u5e73\u5f97\u4ee5\u6062\u5fa9\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u904e\u7a0b\u4e5f\u6703\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u8f38\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c0d\u9019\u7fa4\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u6062\u5fa9\u4ee5\u5f80\u6c34\u6e96\u9700\u8981\u5f88\u9577\u6642\u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Autor\u5247\u5c6c\u6a02\u89c0\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u6a5f\u5668\u4eba\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u53ea\u662f\u88dc\u5145\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8907\u88fd\u50cf\u5e38\u8b58\u8207\u540c\u60c5\u5fc3\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u4ed6\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u4e0d\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u662f\u9019\u500b\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u5b9a\u8ad6\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u7cbe\u5fc3\u5efa\u69cb\uff0c\u767c\u4eba\u6df1\u7701\u7684\u524d\u8a00\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u9019\u7bc7\u6578\u5b57\u6703\u8aaa\u8a71\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8207\u9280\u884c\u5bb6\u51fa\u8eab\u7684\u8ca1\u653f\u90e8\u9577Steven Mnuchin\u525b\u8aaa\u7684\u8a71\u5c0d\u6c96\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u53c3\u52a0Axios\u7684News 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2015","format":false,"excerpt":"\u56e0\u70ba\u5e73\u5e38\u6ce8\u610f\u516c\u8def\u4ea4\u901a\u4e8b\u6545\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u4e94\u6708\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u865f\u90a3\u5929\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u5c0d\u8001\u6559\u6388\u592b\u5a66\u7531\u65bc\u4e58\u8a08\u7a0b\u8eca\u5f9e\u7d10\u74e6\u514b\uff08Newark\uff09\u6a5f\u5834\u56de\u5bb6\u9014\u4e2d\u6c92\u6709\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u5e36\u800c\u55aa\u751f\u7684\u8eca\u798d\u5831\u5c0e\u6642\uff0c\u89ba\u5f97\u5f88\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5931\u8aa4\u96e3\u904e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u5f8c\u4f86\u7684\u5831\u5c0e\u4e2d\uff0c\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u662f\u57281994\u5e74\u7372\u5f97\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u7d93\u6fdf\u5b78\u734e\u7684\u7d0d\u8a31\u6559\u6388\uff08John Nash\uff09\u3002\u7b49\u6211\u518d\u5728\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u7814\u8b80\u4e86\u90a3\u672c\u6709\u95dc\u4ed6\u751f\u5e73\u7684\u50b3\u8a18\u300a\u7f8e\u9e97\u7684\u5fc3\u9748\u300b\uff08A Beautiful Mind\uff09\u5f8c\uff0c\u53cd\u5012\u89ba\u5f97\u6211\u5011\u61c9\u7576\u70ba\u4ed6\u9ad8\u8208\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u610f\u5916\u8b93\u9019\u4f4d86\u6b72\u7684\u6559\u6388\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5728\u9918\u751f\u88e1\u6f02\u6d41\uff0c\u6210\u5c31\u4e86\u4ed6\u50b3\u5947\u7f8e\u9e97\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u3002 \u6210\u9577\u65bc\u897f\u7dad\u5dde\u4e00\u500b\u7164\u7926\u5340\u7684\u7d0d\u8a31\u662f\u4e0a\u4e16\u7d00\u516c\u8a8d\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u5929\u624d\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\u6b72\u6642\u5c31\u5728\u6709\u540d\u7684\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\uff08Princeton\uff09\u5927\u5b78\u62ff\u5230\u4e86\u6578\u5b78\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u5230\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\uff08MIT\uff09\u4efb\u6559\uff0c\u4e26\u5a36\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f8e\u9e97\u7684\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u5b78\u751f\u70ba\u59bb\u5b50\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4ed6\u5f8c\u4f86\u6700\u6210\u529f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u548c\u8cfd\u5c40\u7406\u8ad6\uff08Game 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