{"id":100410,"date":"2015-05-26T16:34:33","date_gmt":"2015-05-26T23:34:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/old.newsforchinese.com\/v3\/?p=100410"},"modified":"2015-05-26T16:42:55","modified_gmt":"2015-05-26T23:42:55","slug":"%e7%b6%b2%e8%b7%af%e7%94%a8%e4%bc%bc%e8%87%aa%e7%94%b1%e5%8d%bb%e6%ac%a0%e5%85%ac%e5%b9%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/newsforchinese.com\/v3\/2015\/05\/26\/%e7%b6%b2%e8%b7%af%e7%94%a8%e4%bc%bc%e8%87%aa%e7%94%b1%e5%8d%bb%e6%ac%a0%e5%85%ac%e5%b9%b3\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7db2\u8def\u7528\u4f3c\u81ea\u7531\u537b\u6b20\u516c\u5e73"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u5c0d\u6578\u4f4d\u7522\u54c1\u7684\u4f9d\u8cf4\uff0c\u8b93\u7db2\u8def\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5df2\u6210\u4e8c\u5341e\u4e16\u7d00\u4eba\u985e\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5fc5\u9700\u54c1\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u50c5\u5df2\u53d6\u4ee3\u8a31\u591a\u5be6\u9ad4\u5a92\u9ad4\u3001\u5546\u5e97\u7b49\uff0c\u4e5f\u6539\u8b8a\u4e86\u4eba\u8207\u4eba\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<!--more-->\u300c\u50b3\u7d71\u300d\u8b1b\u96fb\u8a71\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\uff0c\u5df2\u5feb\u8981\u88ab\u50cfskype\u3001Line\u3001WeChat\uff08\u5fae\u4fe1\uff09\u7b49\u514d\u8cbb\u3001\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u591a\u6a23\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u6240\u6d88\u6ec5\uff0c\u7db2\u8def\u8b93\u6628\u5929\u7684\u601d\u7dad\u5f88\u96e3\u8ddf\u4e0a\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u554f\u984c\u662f\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5e38\u611f\u89ba\u5230\uff0c\u7db2\u8def\u670d\u52d9\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5b58\u5728\u8457\u968e\u7d1a\u610f\u8b58\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u7db2\u7ad9\u7528\u8d77\u4f86\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5c31\u662f\u5361\u5361\u7684\uff0c\u4e0aYoutube\u770b\u8996\u983b\u633a\u5feb\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u53bb\u500b\u4eba\u7db2\u7ad9\u770b\u500b\u5bb6\u5ead\u9304\u50cf\u5c31buffering\u5230\u6c23\u6b7b\u4eba\u3002\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u90fd\u4ee5\u70ba\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u8cb7\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u983b\u5bec\u592a\u5c0f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u5fcd\u8010\u5427\uff01\u4f46\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u7db2\u8def\u9023\u7dda\u5feb\u6162\u9806\u6eef\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u88e1\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u82b1\u9322\u8cb7\u7684\u983b\u5bec\u5927\u5c0f\u5916\uff0c\u7db2\u8def\u670d\u52d9\u4f9b\u61c9\u5546\uff08Internet Service Providers, ISPs\uff09\u50cfVerizon\u3001Comcast\u7b49\uff0c\u8207\u5167\u5bb9\u4f9b\u61c9\u5546\uff08Content Providers, CPs\uff09\u50cfGoogle\u3001Netflix\u7b49\uff0c\u4e4b\u9593\u8a6d\u8b4e\u83ab\u6e2c\u7684\u9023\u7dda\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u95dc\u9375\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4e8c\u5341e\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u9084\u80fd\u8996\u4e4b\u70ba\u5f85\u50f9\u800c\u6cbd\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u55ce\uff1f\u6216\u662f\u5df2\u8a72\u9032\u5316\u6210\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e2d\u7acb\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u516c\u773e\u8f09\u5177\uff08common carrier\uff09\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>2005\u5e74BrandX\u5c0d\u4e0a\u5168\u570b\u6709\u7dda\u901a\u8a0a\u5354\u6703\uff08National Cable &#038; Communication Association\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u7dda\u7db2\u8def\u4f9b\u61c9\u5546\u5c6c\u65bc\u8cc7\u8a0a\u670d\u52d9\u9084\u662f\u96fb\u4fe1\u670d\u52d9\u4e4b\u722d\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u7acb\u4e0b\u7f8e\u570b\u806f\u90a6\u901a\u8a0a\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff08U.S. Federal Communications Commission, FCC\uff09\u5c07ISPs\u6b78\u70ba\u8cc7\u8a0a\u670d\u52d9\u696d\u5148\u4f8b\u3002\u53c8\u65bc2010\u5e74Comcast\u516c\u53f8\u5c0d\u4e0aFCC\u6642\uff0c\u6cd5\u5b98\u8a8d\u70baFCC\u6c92\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u7406\u7531\u63f4\u5f151934\u5e74\u96fb\u4fe1\u6cd5\u4f86\u5c0dComcast\u5f37\u65bd\u516c\u773e\u8f09\u5177\u7fa9\u52d9\u7684\u9644\u5e36\u53f8\u6cd5\u7ba1\u8f44\u6b0a\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u8b93FCC\u65bc2010\u5e7412\u670821\u65e5\u901a\u904e\u4e00\u9805\u7db2\u8def\u958b\u653e\u547d\u4ee4\uff08Open Internet Order\uff09\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u56fa\u7db2\u8207\u7121\u7ddaISPs\u5fc5\u9808\u4f9d\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\u7acb\uff08network neutrality\uff09\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u81ea\u7531\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u4f7f\u7528\u74b0\u5883\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u5fc5\u7136\u88abISPs\u4ee5\u963b\u7919\u5275\u65b0\u958b\u767c\u8207\u6295\u8cc7\u5efa\u8a2d\u7b49\u8af8\u591a\u7406\u7531\u6297\u62d2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2011\u5e741\u670820\u65e5\uff0cVerizon\u516c\u53f8\u5c31\u4ee5FCC\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u958b\u653e\u547d\u4ee4\u903e\u8d8a\u570b\u6703\u6388\u8207FCC\u7684\u6b0a\u9650\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4fb5\u72af\u8a72\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u61b2\u6cd5\u6b0a\u5229\u70ba\u7531\u63a7\u544aFCC\u3002\u7d50\u679c\uff0c2014\u5e74\u806f\u90a6\u5de1\u8ff4\u4e0a\u8a34\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u6c7aVerizon\u52dd\u8a34\uff0c\u56e0\u70baFCC\u5df2\u660e\u78ba\u4e0d\u5c07\u7db2\u8def\u4f9b\u61c9\u5546\u6b78\u5230\u50cf\u96fb\u4fe1\u670d\u52d9\u9019\u50b3\u7d71\u8a8d\u77e5\u7684\u516c\u773e\u8f09\u5177\u88e1\u53bb\uff0c\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u65b0\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u516c\u773e\u8f09\u5177\u6cd5\u5f8b\u898f\u7bc4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7576\u7136\u6c92\u6709\u6b0a\u529b\u8981\u6c42\u4ed6\u5011\u5982\u6b64\u72a7\u7272\u5949\u737b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u6b21\u5224\u4f8b\u662f\u5e02\u5834\u7d93\u6fdf\u904a\u6232\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u52dd\u5229\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\u7acb\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u632b\u6557\uff0c\u66f4\u8b93FCC\u8207\u6b50\u5df4\u99ac\u7e3d\u7d71\u975e\u5e38\u96e3\u582a\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u572808\u5e74\u7af6\u9078\u6642\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u65b7\u5f37\u8abf\u7db2\u8def\u6d41\u91cf\u516c\u5e73\u5c0d\u5f85\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u767d\u5bae\u56e0\u6b64\u7279\u5225\u767c\u8868\u8072\u660e\uff0c\u547c\u7c72FCC\u76e1\u5feb\u901a\u904e\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u6cd5\u898f\uff0c\u4e26\u5f37\u8abf\u300c\u7981\u6b62\u5c01\u9396\u300d\u3001\u300c\u7981\u6b62\u523b\u610f\u8abf\u7bc0\u901f\u7387\u300d\u3001\u300c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7db2\u8def\u7ba1\u7406\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u300d\u548c\u300c\u7981\u6b62\u4ed8\u8cbb\u5148\u884c\u300d\u56db\u5927\u7db2\u8def\u516c\u5e73\u539f\u5247\u3002<\/p>\n<p>FCC\u5728\u8ffd\u6c42\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\u7acb\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u8dcc\u8dcc\u649e\u649e\u30021996\u5e74\u7684\u96fb\u4fe1\u6cd5\u82072010\u5e74\u7684\u7db2\u8def\u958b\u653e\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u90fd\u672a\u80fd\u9810\u898b\u5230\u7db2\u8def\u5728\u4e8c\u5341e\u4e16\u7d00\u5df2\u50cf\u6c34\u3001\u96fb\u3001\u96fb\u8a71\u822c\u6210\u70ba\u57fa\u672c\u751f\u6d3b\u8a2d\u65bd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c0dISPs\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u8207\u5c6c\u6027\u7121\u660e\u78ba\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u8af8\u591a\u6848\u4f8b\u683d\u5728\u9069\u6cd5\u6027\u89e3\u91cb\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u4e5f\u662fFCC\u4e00\u8def\u6ce2\u6298\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>FCC\u4e3b\u5e2dTom 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Order\uff09\u6848\uff0c\u4f86\u660e\u78ba\u898f\u7bc4ISPs\uff0c\u4e26\u78ba\u4fdd\u958b\u653e\u7db2\u8def\u662f\u500b\u81ea\u7531\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u5e742\u670826\u65e5FCC\u4ee53-2\u9a5a\u96aa\u8868\u6c7a\u901a\u904e\u7684Wheeler\u63d0\u6848\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5728\u6cd5\u898f\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c07\u300c\u5bec\u983b\u7db2\u8def\u63a5\u7e8c\u670d\u52d9\u300d\uff08broadband Internet access service\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u5f9e\u7e9c\u7dda\u3001\u96fb\u8a71\u8207\u7121\u7dda\u4f9b\u61c9\u5546\u8cfc\u8cb7\u5230\u7684\u96f6\u552e\u5bec\u983b\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5283\u6b78\u52301996\u96fb\u4fe1\u6cd5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7bc7\uff08Title II\uff09\u5ee3\u64ad\u670d\u52d9\uff08Broadcast Services\uff09\u898f\u7bc4\u4e0b\uff0c\u8b93ISPs\u4e5f\u8981\u50cf\u96fb\u4fe1\u670d\u52d9\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u76e1\u516c\u773e\u8f09\u5177\u4e4b\u7fa9\u52d9\uff0c\u5f9e\u6b64\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5546\u696d\u5473\u6fc3\u539a\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u670d\u52d9\u5546\u3002 <\/p>\n<p>Wheeler\u7684\u65b0\u547d\u4ee4\u63ed\u6aeb\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\u7acb\u65b0\u4e09\u7121\u539f\u5247\uff1a\u7121\u5c01\u9396\uff08No Blocking\uff09\u3001\u7121\u6291\u5236\uff08No Throttling\uff09\u8207\u7121\u4ed8\u8cbb\u5148\u884c\uff08No Paid Prioritization\uff09\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e09\u7121\u539f\u5247\u5c0d\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\u7acb\u8207\u516c\u5e73\u5c24\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5fb9\u5e95\u5c07\u7db2\u8def\u5f9e\u4ed8\u8cbb\u5546\u54c1\u6982\u5ff5\u8f49\u8b8a\u6210\u516c\u773e\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u793e\u6703\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u9632\u6b62ISPs\u8207CPs\u900f\u904e\u300c\u5feb\u8eca\u9053\u300d\uff08fast 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J. 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